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Recorded Sound Reference Center 
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^Training of 
eatre Employees 

for 

B alaban &f K^atz, 
Service 



Volume J^Co. __; 



COPYRIGHT 1916 BY 
BALABAM ^ KATZ CORPORATION 
CHICAGO 'ILLINOIS 



J 



HE instructions and information 



contained in this manual are for 
the exclusive use of our managerial 
staff. Under no circumstances is this 
manual to be loaned or permitted 
to leave your theatre, nor copies 
made of any portion of it for 
the use of any other organisation. 




Kalahari £T Katz Qorp. 



r 



© Ci A902618 




foreword 



raining of Theatre Employees for Balaban 6? Kats Service 1 ' 



* has finally been completed; the culmination of years of effort 
by many different men. This Manual provides a definite, spe- 
cialised and complete plan for developing and standardising the 
type of Service which we know will build Good Will and sell our 
entertainment. 

We have watched the compilation of this book of instruction 
with the greatest interest. In its scope arid in its possibilities of 
the standardisation of Service in our small theatres, as well as 
our larger theatres, there is no limit to its usefulness. The prin- 
ciples of good management are fundamental and adaptable to the 
small as well as the large theatre. Many of these principles are 
embodied in this Manual. 

The careful and tenacious use of this Manual in the training 
of our employees is constructive and will continually raise the 
standard of Service above that which our patrons expect. 

We believe that this Manual will be accepted by our managers 
with enthusiasm for we know that if properly used it will provide 
our theatres with an adequate and highly trained personnel, and 
place our service departments on the highest attainable plane. 

We know that by your careful adherence to the methods 
laid down in this manual you will be benefitted and will soon 
appreciate the fact that the habit of attention to detail will be 
a means of building your success. 



barney ^alabaru 
Sam Katz 



May ist IQ26 



« 



( 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Table of (Contents 

PART I 

Introduction 

Training 

Qualifications 

Page 

section i The Balaban and Katz Corporation i 

ii "Spirit of Balaban and Katz Service 1 ' 3 

in To the Instructor 5 

Schedule of Training Course for Ushers 7 

Emergency Training 7 

Routine to be Followed in Training Ushers 9 

1. Working Conditions 9 

2. First Period of Training 9 

3. Second Period of Training 11 

4. Third Period of Training 14 

iv Personal Qualifications 17 

v Organisation Qualifications 19 

vi Service Qualifications 21 

PART II 

Department of Service 

section vii Ushers 25 

Contact with Theatre Patrons 25 

Personal Conduct and Duties 30 

Contacts with Fellow Employees 32 

viii Elevator Operators 32 

ix Messenger and Service Boys 33 

Contact with Patrons and Duties 33 

Checking Service 35 

Lost and Found Department 35 

Duties and Instructions 35 

x Doormen and Ticket Takers 39 

Contact with Theatre Patrons 39 

Personal Conduct and Duties 43 

Contact with Fellow Employees 44 



FOR BALABAN &> KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Table of Qontents 

PART II 

Department of Service 

Page 

section xi Footmen 45 

Contact with Theatre Patrons 45 

Personal Conduct and Duties 47 

Contact with Fellow Employees 48 

xii Cashiers 48 

Contact with Patrons 48 

Personal Conduct and Duties 50 

Contact with Fellow Employees 52 

xiii Matrons and Nurses 53 

Duties 53 

xiv Maids 55 

Contact with Patrons 55 

Duties 55 

xv Policemen and Firemen 57 

Contact with Patrons 57 

Duties 57 

xvi General Instructions 59 

Contact with Patrons 59 

Personal Conduct and Duties 60 

Contact with Other Employees 62 

xvii Projection Department 65 

Duties and Instructions 

xviii Orchestra 67 

Duties and Instructions 67 

xix Employees and Artists Back Stage 69 

Duties and Instructions 

Artists 69 

Stage Manager 69 

Firemen 70 

PART III 

Maintenance 

section xx Superintendents and Engineers 73 

Duties and Instructions 73 



FOR BALABAN &> KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Table of Qontents 

PART III 

Maintenance 

Page 



section xxi Porters 75 

Duties and Instructions 75 

xxii Firemen and Oilers 77 

Duties and Instructions 77 

xxiii Cleaning Department 79 

Organisation 79 

Duties and Instructions in Cleaning 79 

Cleaning of Walls 82 

Woodwork 83 

Floors 84 

Waxing Process 85 

Marble . . 86 

Upholstered Furniture 87 

Carpets 88 

Window Glass 89 

Chandeliers 89 

Paintings 89 

Picture Frames and Gold Leaf Furniture 89 

Lavatories 90 

Care of Vacuum Cleaning Equipment 91 

PART IV 

Miscellaneous Information 

section xxiv Miscellaneous Information 

Pay Day 93 

Jury Service 93 

Voting 93 

Vacations 93 

Change of Address ^ ... 93 

Bulletin Boards 94 

Borrowing of Money 94 

Investments 94 

Gambling 94 

Telephoning and Telephones 94 

Suggestions and Criticisms 95 

Recreation 95 

Passes 95 

Fire Protection 95 



FOR BALABAN 6? KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



6 



l 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



PART I 

SECTION I 

^he Kalahari & Katz Corporation 

IN identifying yourself with the Balaban & Katz; organization 
you are becoming associated with an institution which is recog- 
nized as a leader in its particular field of endeavor. We have com- 
mitted ourselves to the task of furnishing the best that there is to be 
had in entertainment, by presenting the finest moving pictures, 
the most elaborate stage specialties, and the choicest music, at 
prices which can be afforded by a very large group of present day 
society. Entertainment of this nature can be fully enjoyed by our 
patrons if, in addition to the entertainment, we provide unusually 
comfortable and luxurious surroundings. 

We are sometimes prone to accept the present day standards 
of service in this field as a matter of course. We believe it will 
be to your interest if you have somewhat of a background concern- 
ing the beginnings and fundamental ideas of service which have met 
with favor in the eyes of the theatre-going public. 

Although this industry has developed as a whole within a 
span encompassing a man's active business career, it has succeeded 
in reaching a position which ranks fifth in point of receipts in the 
industries of the country. The executive personnel of this present 
corporation entered the field only eighteen years ago, and by 
untiring energy and constant attention to the most minute details, 
have become recognized leaders in this field. Our type of business 
particularly lends itself to the service of younger men. LENGTH 
OF SERVICE ALONE HAS VERY LITTLE MEANING. 
SENIORITY IS NOT A GREAT ASSET. YOU ARE UN- 
HAMPERED BY TRADITIONS WHICH, ALTHOUGH 
THEY HAVE GROWN OLD, MAY NOT MEET WITH 
PRESENT DAY CONDITIONS. DUE TO THESE FACTS, 

[x] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



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THOSE WHO FIND THEMSELVES IN THE MOST OB- 
SCURE POSITIONS MAY BY DILIGENT ATTENTION TO 
THE DUTIES REQUIRED OF THEM, LIFT THEMSELVES 
TO POSITIONS OF GREATER TRUST AND RESPONSI- 
BILITY, NOT ONLY IN THEIR PRESENT ENVIRONMENT, 
BUT IN OTHER SIMILAR ACTIVITIES IN OTHER SEC- 
TIONS OF THE COUNTRY. There is little risk in this 
organization of anyone remaining in an obscure position, carrying 
on routine duties, if he will qualify himself for greater responsi- 



FOR BALABAN W KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



bilities. 




MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION II 

"Spirit of Balaban & Katz Service' 

ONE of our great Captains of Industry has been quoted as 
saying, "Service is the personality of all business enterprises." 
By this he means that various businesses are distinguished one 
from the other, by the degree of service which they render to man- 
kind. 

The underlying spirit of Service is to fulfill the need and 
desires of any person or group of persons. The spirit in which the 
service is rendered is a most important factor in the degree in which 
that service is appreciated. 

Our particular line of endeavor has flourished because we have 
fulfilled the desire of the general public for clean, wholesome en- 
tertainment. The spirit and means that we have employed have 
caused the growth of our organisation to be very consistent and 
permanent. We want you to appreciate that all business and pro- 
fessional enterprises are based primarily upon service rendered to 
others. The successful physician and lawyer must understand 
human nature to be able to satisfy their clientele under all condi- 
tions. So it is with our organisation, built upon ideals and standards 
which we know are sound, and which experience has taught us, are 
pointed in the right direction. 

Our contact with the human element prepares us for business 
of any kind, and you will probably search a long time to find so great 
an opportunity to study human nature from such an intimate asso- 
ciation. 

The same means which you will use to sell a patron a seat in 
one of our theatres, you may use later in life in selling a commodity 
of greater intrinsic value. Therefore, time spent in our Service 
Department can prepare you for a great business career, or at least 

[3] 



FOR BALABAN 5? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



be the means of arousing in you a clear and concise understanding of 
what the public demands. 

Our organisation, having adopted at its very inception, the 
motto of — "He profits most who serves best," has clearly demon" 
strated its truth. 

We have set a standard, which has of recent years, become a 
demand by the theatre-going public. As you progress through your 
training course, keep clearly in mind that we are proud of our service 
reputation, and will guard it jealously. We will expect you to up- 
hold it when your training is complete and you are placed in uni- 
form and marched upon the floor in one of our theatres. To the 
patron entering our doors you are a veteran in Balaban 6? Katz. 
Service. 

If you are clever and adaptable, and have learned our princi- 
ples of Service, you can from the moment of being posted for duty, 
do your share in maintaining our type of service. 

Finally, let us impress upon you, that by rendering true 
Balaban 6? Katz. Service, you will form the service-habit which will 
be an investment which will bring dividends to you in future years 
far in excess of your pay-check today. 




[4] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION III 

To the Instructor 

THE purpose of this training manual is to provide a guide for 
those entrusted with the instruction of our employees in the 
Service Departments of the institution of Balaban 6? Kats, so that 
the service throughout our organisation may be uniform and of 
high standard. 

This manual contains the business principles which have been 
responsible for the high position in the business world of this insti- 
tution. Sound business principles built upon high ideals and in- 
spiration are the secrets of our success. 

This training manual serves two distinct purposes. First, it 
contains instruction for the development of good character, pride of 
organisation, and enthusiasm. Second, it contains the detailed in- 
struction for the performance of duty embodying business principles 
consisting of general and special instructions and information. 

The measure of success attained in training an employee for 
our organisation depends primarily upon the ability of the instructor 
to inspire and to raise all employees entrusted to his instruction 
above the commonplace plane of the ordinary workman. The vital 
point to be understood here is that the details of performance do 
not become Balaban 6? Kats Service unless fired by the inspiration, 
high ideals, and pride which permeates this institution. 

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES IS THE SUBSTANCE 
CONTAINED HEREIN TO BE MERELY READ BY OR 
READ TO EMPLOYEES OR POSTED FOR THE PURPOSE 
OF ABSORPTION, with the exception of extracts which are 
high spots in the inspirational section and which should serve as a 
reminder to the employee of his preliminary training, or the posting 
of general and special instructions which govern the performance 
of employees in the immediate location where posted. 

[5] 



FOR BALABAN fe? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



The training of employees is entrusted to you because of 
our confidence that you have absorbed the spirit of our organisation 
as laid down in this manual and that you are capable of transmitting 
it in such a manner that it flows straight from your heart in a con- 
vincing style. 

On the following pages instructions are printed for the pur- 
pose of pointing out the proper divisions of the entire manual into 
periods and days of instruction which experience has taught us is a 
good plan to follow in order to preclude the danger of our overload- 
ing the minds of those receiving instruction. While great importance 
is attached to the inspirational section of the manual, it must not be 
forgotten that the section consisting of general and special instruc- 
tions must also be given in an inspirational manner. The instructor 
must at all times incorporate the inspirational spirit with the in- 
structions concerning the detailed duties. 

In conclusion, let us emphasise that this manual is entrusted 
to you, because you are capable of inspiring each individual with the 
great opportunities that lie before him in participating in our work 
for self-betterment and the attaining of something which will be of 
greatest value throughout the period of his life. Upon this founda- 
tion alone can we expect to build the right type of employee. 




[6] 



FOR BALABAN &? KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Schedule of Training Course for Ushers 

INASMUCH as your Usher Service constitutes a major portion 
of your Service employees, the following Schedule of Instruc- 
tions is built to fit their needs: 

Emergency Training 

We believe that this training is so important to these employees 
who are on the "firing line 11 in our organisation that you cannot 
safely depart from it except under real emergencies. When such 
pressure of business arises, you will use the following shortened 
schedule in training employees for immediate service. This short- 
ened training does not supplant that given in the complete schedule. 
As soon as conditions permit, you will carry through the complete 
schedule of training for all of these employees. 

Emergency Training Schedule 

1. Follow the regular schedule training provided in the first period of 
training. 

2. Give a complete explanation of the instructions for the group being 
trained. 

3. By a forceful presentation of the spirit of service engendered in our or- 
ganization, endeavor to bring to these men the weight of the responsibilities 
which is being placed upon them. Much can be accomplished by the sincerity 
with which these subjects are presented by the instructor. 

For other employees in your Service Department, these schedules may be 
easily changed and adapted to their specific activities in your Service Department. 




[7] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



i 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Routine To Be Followed in Training Ushers 



1. Explain carefully the schedule of working hours, emphasising — 

a. Saturday, Sunday and Holiday Schedules. 

b. Seven day a week position. (No promises to be made for time off.) 

c. That: no variations will be made from regular schedule to fit special 
personal conditions, schedules are subject to change, and ending time 
is only approximate within one half hour. 

d. Fire Drill — To be held at least once each month. 

e. Weekly instructional meeting — not over 45 minutes. 

2. Explain Salary — 

a. When pay period starts and ends. 

b. When checks are received. 

Note: Chec\s will not be O. K'd for cashing at box office except under 
unusual circumstances. 

3. Explain training period and pay for same — 

a. Those who leave before training is complete — No pay. 

b. Those who leave by discharge due to insubordination, indifference or 
lack of adaptability, before training is complete — No pay. 

c. Those who complete training, but are not accepted — Paid. 

d. Those who complete training and are accepted — Paid, but only after 
one complete week of service. 

Note: Emphasize the fact that we get no productive wor\from Ushers 



e. We expect at least three days' notice before leaving the Service, 

At this point, ask if the above conditions are satisfactory. If not, have 
those men dissatisfied leave. 

First Period of Training 

{Three to Four Hours) 

You, in winning your appointment as a candidate for the 
Service Department in one of our Theatres, have placed yourself 




during training. 



[9] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



in a position to accept a great deal of responsibility. You are 
expected to render Service to our patrons which will be in keeping 
with the high standards for which our organisation has become so 
well and favorably known. Your duties are composed of a large 
number of small details. As a result of our long experience in 
dealing with the theatre-going public, we have gathered the 
following practices which will guide you in your work. 

1. Where swagger sticks are used. Get swagger sticks and instruct proper 
manner of holding same. Position of an Usher. 

a. Simulate stepping forward to open doors. 

b. Drill in the phrases — 

"Kindly pass down the aisle, please, the next Usher will show you 
seats." 

"Kindly remain in the rear of the aisle, please, until the next Usher 
can seat you." 

"Kindly pass down the aisle to the right (or left), please, the next 

Usher will show you seats." 

Explain when these phrases should be used. 

c. Drill them in making these announcements as they simulate opening 
the doors. 

2. Get flashlights, and drill in proper way to hold them in trailing and 
directing. 

a. Explain in detail, working on the inside of the aisle, and the announce' 
ment "Seats are this way, please." 

b. Caution against unnecessary use of lights. 

c. Explain how lights are charged to each Usher, and cost of each, if lost. 

3. Explain directing and hand signalling. 

a. Practice applicants in sending and receiving signals. 

b. Directing — Emphasising: 

Tone of voice. 
Enunciation. 
Carriage and action. 
Impressing upon them the importance of : 
Refinement. 
Manliness. 
Optimistic attitude. 



FOR BALABAN 6s? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



c. Signalling — Emphasise : 
Quietness. 
Dignity. 
Refinement. 
Never use light. 
Never smack thighs. 
Never snap your fingers. 
Never cough or clear throat. 
Do not create disturbance. 

This completes the First Period of Training. If handled prop- 
erly, subject can be covered thoroughly. Remember one minute of 
actual practice in going through movements and making announce- 
ments, is worth five minutes of explaining how it is done. 

Second Period of Training 

(Three to Four Hours) 

1. Tour of House, pointing out: 

a. General lay out and boundary streets. 
h. South. 

c. North. 

d. West. 

e. East. 

/. Stairways, pointing out: 

1. Main stairway. 

2. Other stairways in general use. 

3. Emergency stairways. 

2. Basement, pointing out : 

a. Stairways. 

b. Drinking fountains. 

c. Telephones. 

d. Emergency room — if any. 

e. Ladies 1 room — if any. 
/. Men's room — if any. 

g. Passageways, leading back stage. 

Note: Explain that no employees are permitted to go bac\ stage without 
permission. Also, no patron to be permitted to go bac\ stage 
without permission from the management. Therefore, inquire 
if they have permission before giving directions. 

["] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



h. Superintendent's office. 

i. Manager's office. 
j. Fire extinguishers. 

3. Main floor, point out: 

a. Aisles. 

b. Lobby and foyer. 

c. Drinking fountain. 

d. Fire extinguishers. 

e. Lost and found department, and check room. 

At this point explain method of checking aisles; the operation of signal 
boards, if any, and the general scheme or plan of handling people. 

4. Loge floor — pointing out: 

a. Drinking fountains. 

b. Fire extinguishers. 

c. Ladies' room. 

d. Location of signal board. 

e. General plan of handling people on floor, 
j". Public telephones — if any. 

g. Men's rest room. 

h. Emergency exits. 

At this point explain in detail, the proper way to handle house tele' 
phones; care in removing receiver from hook, answering "Loge floor, 
Mr. So and So speaking," and proper way to ring numbers. Insist that 
they copy down and learn how to call the following stations: 

Main floor. 
Manager's office. 
Lost and found. 
Locker room. 
Balcony. 
Loge floor. 

5. Balcony, pointing out: 

a. Drinking fountain. 

b. Telephones. 

c. Ladies' and men's rest rooms. 

d. Ramps and tunnels. 

[12] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



6. Balcony auditorium: 

a. Designated divisions of same. 

b. Fire extinguishers. 

c. General plan of handling people. 

d. Location of kinobooth. 

e. Janitors 1 closets. 
/. Emergency exits. 

Return to 

Instruction Room. 

7. General subjects: 

a. Information concerning the house. 

b. Executive members of the organisation. 

c. When program changes. 

d. Time schedules; proper understanding of same. 

e. Answering of general questions about program. 
/. Price of tickets, and hours of change. 

g. Granting of passes. 

h. Entertaining ones' friends in the theatre. 

i. Handling lost and found articles. 
j. Sickness — emergency. 

\. Accidents — how they should be handled. 
/. Conduct in the theatre. 

1. Smoking in theatre. 

2. Conduct on entering and leaving. 

3. Wearing of parts of uniforms, 
m. Locker room conduct. 

n. Familiarity with patrons and on the floor. 

8. Iron clad rules — Violation means dismissal. 

Explain in detail and emphasise. 

a. Flirtatious conduct : 

1. By eyes. 

2. By conversation. 

3. By actions. 

b. Accepting of tips — proper way to refuse a tip. 

c. Wilful damaging of Balaban 6s? Kats property. 

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FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



d. Violations of positions of trust, such as : 

a. Duty on any door that might be used as entrance to the theatre. 

b. Lost and found department and check room. 

c. In charge of supplies. 

d. Duty on stage door. 

e. Money responsibility. 

9. Foot drill, see Infantry Drill Regulations, U. S. Army. 

a. Facings. 

b. Marching — Forward — Right'Left — Column right or left. 

c. Right dress. 

d. Proper speed and cadence in walking up and down aisles in making 
checks (Drill in same). Cadence of eighty steps per minute. 

This completes the second period of training. 

Third Period of Training 

(Three to Four Hours) 

If possible, arrange for actual instructions on floor, during period when house 
is not open to the public. 

1. Main floor: 

A. Place men outside of aisles. 

a. Register various signals for interpretation. 

b. Method of keeping center aisles filled. 

c. Receive director's signals. 

d. Calling patrons from lounges. 

e. Use of swagger stick. 

/. Explain necessity of keeping foyers free from waiting patrons. 

B. Place men inside of aisles. 

a. Simulate making check of sections — Speed in seating patrons. 

b. Use of flashlight. 

c. Details in handling floor. 

d. Never cross between seats from aisle to aisle. 

2. Loge floor: 

a. Simulate making check of loges. 

b. Filling of loges. 

c. Plan of filling floor. 

[14] 



FOR BALABAN &? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES. 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



3. Balcony: 

a. Simulate making check of sections. 

b. Filling of sections. 

c. Plan of filling whole balcony. 

Note: When filling for initial time do not insist on patrons ta\ing 
specific seats. 

4. Explain — and drive home: 

a. General instructions. 

b. Specific instructions. 

5. Fitting of uniforms. 

6. Final siting up, selection, and questioning while in uniform. 

7. Final talk of about ten minutes BY ONE OF MANAGEMENT. 




[15] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION IV 

Personal Qualifications 

Appearance 

Those with whom you come in contact get their first impression 
of Balaban 6? Katz. and of you through your appearance. You must 
be faultless in your appearance at all times. Your personal appear- 
ance must be in harmony and in keeping with the physical sur- 
roundings and atmosphere of our theatre. Before going on duty, 
take an inventory of yourself; ask yourself "Are my hands and 
face clean; are my shoes clean and shined; is my linen clean; is 
my uniform adjusted properly; is my hair cut properly?" Look 
your best at all times, under all circumstances. 

Refinement 

Refinement is made up of a multitude of little things. It is 
possible for every person to acquire habits of correct speech, 
action and manner. They are the important features which have 
caused our service to achieve a standard of excellence that others 
are attempting to follow. Refinement is the direct outgrowth of 
wholesome contacts, associations and habits of thought. Uncultured 
habits and mannerisms of speech require less thought and care on 
your part. Therefore, it is very much to your credit to overcome 
such habits and you will discover that it is necessary for you to 
guard yourself continually, and to exert every effort in doing so. 
Slang phrases and expressions are to be especially guarded against 
as they are not only unrefined, but indicate a distinct lack of 
ability on your part to express yourself clearly and concisely in 
correct English. 

Personality 

A pleasing personality cannot be built on any foundation 
other than an upright character. We must at all times remember that 

[17] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



our patrons visit us during their playtime. A radiant personality 
dominating our organisation will add to their pleasure while the 
lack of this element may disturb them to the extent that they can- 
not fully enjoy the entertainment which we have provided for them. 

Optimism 

We urge you to cultivate a spirit of optimism in your work, 
in your contact with your fellow employees, and in your attitude 
toward our patrons. When properly developed you will find that 
this attitude will assist in making your work more pleasing to your- 
self and of greater value to our organisation. 




[18] 

FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION V 

Organization Qualifications 

AN organisation is the moulding together of men and materials 
k. for the accomplishment of a common purpose. Of these two 
elements by far the greatest emphasis must be placed upon the 
"men." In our organisation we stress five important elements — 
Responsibility, Reliability, Punctuality, Co-operation, and Loyalty. 

Responsibility 

Whenever two or more persons are associated in any organi- 
sation, we must recognise the fact that there will be clearly de- 
fined duties and responsibilities. In large measure, your ability 
to accept and discharge responsibilities which are assigned to 
you will measure your growth and progress in this organisation. 
We want you to develop a feeling that this is your organisation, 
that you are an important part of it, that you carry on your shoul- 
ders part of the responsibility for the success or failure of our Ser- 
vice Department and ideals. When you succeed in making this feel- 
ing of ownership a part of you, and you let it govern and control 
your daily actions and conduct, then you will be proving to us your 
ability to handle responsibilities, and preparing yourself for such 
promotion and consideration as your capabilities warrant. 

Reliability 

Business today is made up of men, young and old, upon whom 
it can depend at all times, regardless of situation and circum- 
stances. Men who are capable of constantly performing their duties 
and daily routine in such a manner as to build up in their superiors 
the confidence that they can be relied upon to do what is asked of 
them, and fully share at all times in the promotion of our business, 
which is one of service as well as entertainment. 

[19] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Punctuality 

Punctuality is a quality which is very closely associated 
with others mentioned in this group. At times responsibility and 
reliability are entirely dependent upon the element of time. Punctu- 
ality is a habit which, like other habits, grows stronger with con- 
tinued use. It is based primarily upon the "will to do." In working 
for others we must at all times remember that their activities are 
joined with our own in such a manner that the whole organisation 
operates as a unit. Our patrons are not at all sympathetic with any- 
thing which brings about delay in their entertainment. With them 
no excuse is acceptable for any service which is not rendered 
promptly at an appointed time. 

Cooperation 

Co-operation is the basis of all true success. There is little 
which an individual can accomplish by himself. In meeting the 
responsibilities of our respective tasks we can expect to achieve 
success only in the measure in which we train ourselves to 
co-operate with others in all stations in our organisation. 

Loyalty 

Loyalty is a primary and cardinal virtue. There is always 
hope for the person who has the quality of unquestioned loyalty 
even though other qualities may be less apparent. To be supremely 
loyal, a person must be loyal to others, to his organisation and 
to himself. Nothing will so quickly bring substantial recognition 
from those higher up, or speak louder for eventual prom otion 
than the priceless quality of loyalty. 

Conclusion 

With your sincere efforts to cultivate and put into effect 
these most important essentials to good organisation, we fully 
appreciate that the results will be mutually beneficial. First, as an 
organisation we will be able to maintain or rise above our present 
standard of accomplishment; and second, you will develop within 
yourself an appreciation of what is essential and necessary for your 
future success. 

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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION VI 

Service Qualifications 

SINCE service is one of the most important factors in our or- 
ganisation, we have given a great deal of thought, consideration, 
and study to the essential foundation which you must possess in 
order to become a worthy member of our Service Department. 
Our guiding idea in this connection is — "Character is the founda- 
tion of all service." Character, as applied to our particular line 
of endeavor, may be said to be the outward expression of a man's 
heart, mind, and soul. Good character is the harvest of conscien- 
tious effort on your part to do your particular share in this enter- 
prise as if you were its sole proprietor. In the effort to bring 
out the qualities of character, to capitalize them, and to exploit 
them in such a manner as to bring credit to you and to our organ- 
isation, we are bringing to your attention several qualities which 
we insist that you cultivate during the entire time you are in our 
service. 

Courtesy 

Courtesy is the distinguishing mark of a gentleman. We 
all agree that a gentleman needs no label to distinguish him from 
the masses. That is necessarily true when a man is courteous. 
Your whole environment, training and habits are reflected directly 
in the degree of courtesy that you make use of in your daily con- 
tacts. Therefore, if at any time you find yourself committing any 
act or giving vent to any expression which is not in accord with 
our standard of courtly good manners, you reflect discredit upon 
yourself, upon this organisation and upon your home. Courtesy in 
an organisation is the expression of these elements as interpreted by 
everyone of those connected with it. 

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Tolerance 

Tolerance is an indication of broadmindedness and human 
understanding. It is the ability to maintain your self-control and 
poise in the face of exceedingly trying circumstances. It is not the 
line of least resistance in handling situations which extremely annoy 
you. The easiest thing for a man to do is to lose his temper. The 
most difficult thing to do in an emergency is to maintain effective 
control. Many of the problems which we are called upon to solve 
from day to day are difficult. Therefore, it is essential that we culti- 
vate the habit of tolerance. Tolerance is not an inherited quality, 
but one which results from practice. Temper and thoughtlessness 
are the greatest handicaps to the development of this quality. It 
must be diligently sought after and constantly striven for. 

Enthusiasm 

Enthusiasm has been defined as a love of action along any 
particular line. Enthusiasm is the outward expression of your whole- 
hearted support in carrying out our ideals of service, and builds up 
within you a very wholesome and keen desire to be of service to 
every patron who enters our doors. The desire to serve may be ex- 
pressed by you, in your actions and in the degree of alertness which 
you are able to attain in meeting every desire of those with whom 
you come in contact. Your work becomes more pleasant, and con- 
sequently becomes easier, if you develop the means of projecting 
into the minds of our patrons the fact of your great desire to render 
them even the slightest service. The development of this quality 
necessitates the elimination from your personal make-up of all false 
pride. You can never demonstrate a really hearty desire to be of 
service so long as you have a feeling that you are "too good" to 
meet any circumstances that might arise. Enthusiasm arises from 
contentment, and the satisfaction of knowing that you are not only 
filling the requirements of your present position, but are in training 
for greater fields for your activities. 

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Efficiency 

Efficiency is necessary in any business endeavor, and especially 
so in this organisation, which is generally classified as one of high 
pressure. Lost motion and non-essentials must be eliminated. It is 
highly important for you to make every movement, every effort, be 
of some consequence in carrying out your work. This is an age of 
efficiency, and the business of this country today is spending large 
sums of money in the study and the devising of efficient means of 
operation. 

Conclusion 

In conclusion, let us impress upon you that when you look at 
a successful business man, you see one who has learned well the 
lessons of service; one who is quick to judge and who is capable 
of analysing a situation with a view to rendering the best service 
to all concerned. Service is the distinguishing feature of all worthy 
business and enterprise, and we have dwelt upon the foregoing 
qualities for the purpose of developing you young men into pro- 
gressive, alert, business men of tomorrow. 




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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Ushers will be governed by the following instructions and 
information covering their specific duties. Members of this depart- 
ment will be under the direct supervision of the chief usher and his 
staff, including assistant chief usher, floor captains and directors, 
and should at all times follow strictly instructions given by them. 

In seating patrons, you will be guided by the practice in 
vogue at the theatre to which you are assigned. Your primary 
function as an usher is to seat patrons properly. In our theatres we 
expect you to perform this service with a courtesy and style in ex- 
cess of that found in other organisations . Many of our older ushers 
measure the quality of their service by the number of "thank yous" 
which their patrons express just as they are being seated. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Theatre Patrons 

1. When referring to patrons, use the terms, "Gentleman, 11 "Lady, 11 or 
"Child, 11 — never "Young Lady," "Girl, 11 or "Elderly Gentleman, 11 or "Elderly 
Lady. 11 

2. Never summon a patron whose attention is directed away from you by 
calling to him or coughing, and under no circumstances snap your fingers. Step up 
to him and say — "I beg your pardon, sir 

3. Assist patrons in every way possible. Anticipate any service you can 
render, such as helping elderly people on with their wraps, picking up articles 
that patrons may have dropped, etc. Be especially courteous to ladies with small 
children. Be ever ready to offer assistance to those who are obviously in search 
of the check room, lost and found department, or other parts of the theatre. 

4. Never give a patron an order, but transmit your desires to them in the 
form of a request. Ask him to do this or that politely. When he has complied with 
your request, be sure to say, "Thank you, sir. 11 All of your work can be done by 
directing, requesting, or suggesting. Remember, courtesy is the dominant note 



PART II 




Service 



Ushers 



SECTION VII 



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of Balaban 6? Katz service. Be polite always. Say, "Yes, sir," and "Yes, Ma'am," 
"No, sir," and "No, Ma'am," "Thank you, sir," and "Thank you, Ma am," 
when answering patrons. This practice is always good form under any circum' 
stances and is an indication of good breeding. You have been chosen for this task 
because you are a gentleman. 

5. If asked your opinion of the show, answer, "The comments are very 
favorable, sir, I am sure you will enjoy it." 

6. You must keep your hands off patrons. Strangers resent familiarity, so 
do not touch them. If you brush against anyone accidentally or bump into them 
unavoidably, be gentlemanly, and say, "Pardon me, please," or "I beg your 
pardon, sir." 

7. Should a patron ask you the time of day, and you are not equipped with a 
watch, you will say, "Just a moment, sir, and I will get the time for you." 

8. When a patron asks a question which you cannot answer, or makes a 
request which you cannot grant, refer him to the floor director, who will in turn 
consult with one of the management if necessary. 

9. When you are requested by a patron to show children to the washroom, 
you will reply, "I am sorry, Ma'am, but I cannot leave my post. I will see that 
your seats are held for you." 

10. When referring anyone to members of our organization, always use the 
term indicating their position in the organization, such as "Usher," "Director," 
"Captain," "Manager," or "Assistant Manager." Never — "Gentleman," 
"Young Man" or "Boy." 

11. You are warned not to carry on conversation with patrons, particularly 
girls. Brief, courteous, businesslike answers should serve. Any flirtatious conduct 
on your part, or suggestion thereof, will cause immediate dismissal. 

12. In replying to a specific question by a patron, be very sure to hesitate 
long enough to look directly at the particular person, and reply in a direct manner 
to the question asked. 

13. Friends, acquaintances, former ushers, or other employees are to be 
treated just as other patrons when they attend a performance at the theatre. 
Entering into lengthy conversations with them while on duty in any part of the 
theatre will not be tolerated. 

14. If you make the mistake of letting some patrons into the theatre for 
seats ahead of others who have been waiting longer, and the latter complain, you 
should say, "I am very sorry, sir, (or ma'am) it was my mistake. I will give you the 
next available seat in this aisle." 

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15. Directors are usually in a position that calls for the use of a general 
directing phrase, but individuals or passing groups must never be replied to by 
repetition of a general directing phrase. They must be answered explicitly and 
directly. That is, patrons having been directed, stop and inquire of the usher out' 
side of an aisle if there are any seats in that aisle. The reply should never be, 
"Seats are in Aisle Seven, please, 11 but should be," I am sorry, sir, this aisle is filled 
at present, you will find seats in Aisle Seven. 11 

16. Do not disturb patrons who are obviously roaming about the foyer or 
lobby promenades for the purpose of inspecting the decorations, or enjoying the 
spaciousness and comfort of our theatres. We have purposely provided many 
attractions there for their entertainment and have invited and encouraged them 
to make these inspections. Occasionally there are periods of maximum business 
which make it necessary for us to limit the freedom of patrons in inspecting our 
theatres. 

17. Patrons upon entering or leaving the darkened auditorium will many 
times experience confusion, due to the necessity of accustoming the eyes to the 
quick change from darkness to light, or vice versa. Therefore, it is necessary for 
you to exert extreme care and judiciously use your flashlight to aid them until 
their eyes become accustomed to the new conditions. 

18. Patrons at times will wish to go down the aisle and look for another 
party. Do everything you can to assist them. If some musical speciality should be 
in progress at the time, and the mission is not urgent, ask the patron, "Would you 
mind waiting until the musical number is concluded, sir? 11 

19. Whenever and wherever possible seat parties together. If you must break 
up a party, watch for the first opportunity to get them together, and ask them 
politely if they wish to join the rest of their party. This is a service seldom met 
with by patrons of the average theatre. It is a mark of distinctive service which 
will always add greatly to the pleasure of our patrons. 

20. If a patron requests you to ask another patron to move so that his party 
may be seated together, you will answer, by saying, "I am sorry, sir, we have 
never made it a practice to request any patron to move — you are welcome to do 
so if you wish. 11 

21. Be very careful at all times while in the auditorium to place yourself in 
such a position as not to obstruct the view of any patron of the stage or screen. 
Never cross from one aisle to another by passing through a row of seats. 

22. Do not walk up and down aisles or across aisles or foyer unless it is 
necessary. Avoid all unnecessary passing in front of patrons already seated. 

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Movements of any kind are always distracting, therefore, minimise them as much 
as possible. 

23. You become extremely conspicuous and many times annoying to patrons 
when you pass through a spotlight directed from the Kinobooth or front of the 
balcony to the stage, orchestra, pit or organ. You will avoid doing so except in case 
of necessity. 

24. Do not "sh'sh" anyone. It is impolite. There are better ways to cover 
the situation. Speak to the disturber quietly and politely— say, "Pardon me, sir. 
Please be quiet during the performance. Thank you." If your requests are unheeded, 
call the chief usher, assistant chief usher, or floor captain. In the case of a per' 
sistent disturber, do not hesitate to call one of the management. 

25. In any emergency or during an excessive exodus, you will direct patrons 
to the nearest exit in the following manner. "The nearest exit is to the left (or 
right), please. 11 

26. If your attention is called to a disturbance or annoyance or trouble, such 
as shelling of peanuts or continual rustling of paper bags or parcels, approach the 
offender politely and say, "I am sorry, sir (or ma'am). You are annoying those 
around you. Thank you. 11 You will assume that they will immediately comply 
with your suggestion. Do not wait for a reply. 

27. When a child cries, or otherwise becomes annoying to other patrons in 
the theatre, approach the mother in a gentlemanly way and say very courteously, 
"I am sorry, ma'am, but the little one is annoying many in this vicinity. Would 
you mind trying to keep him (or her) quiet?" If the child cries a second time or 
continues to cry, approach the mother again and say, "I am very sorry, ma'am, 
but the little one is still causing annoyance." Should the child continue to cry 
and cause disturbance, then approach the mother the third time and very gently 
suggest that she take the child into the foyer— "I am very sorry, ma'am, but I must 
ask you to take the little one into the foyer until he (or she) becomes quiet." This 
is a very delicate situation, and must be handled with the utmost tact, diplomacy 
and consideration. 

28. There are many situations which arise more or less frequently in a theatre 
which will call upon your best judgment to handle properly. 

First: "Petting Couples." When this is observed, be very careful to take no 
steps whatsoever until the conduct of that couple becomes obnoxious to those in 
the immediate vicinity or goes beyond the bounds of propriety. Should there be 
any question in your mind, you should communicate with one of the management 

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immediately. If their conduct is unquestionably out of place in one of our theatres, 
do not hesitate. Step up to the gentleman in the party and inform him very frankly 
and positively — "It will be necessary for me to call one of the managers unless you 
change your attitude immediately. 11 If the party does not comply with your re' 
quest, call one of the managers without further delay. 

Second: Intoxicated Persons. We may group intoxicated persons under two 
headings, those who are boisterous and those who are vicious. In handling 
boisterous parties, you must be careful not to arouse their anger, and in a diplo- 
matic way you may invite them to come out of the auditorium for some particular 
purpose, as for example, "If you will just come with me, there is a friend in the 
lobby who is asking for you. 11 Where an intoxicated person is abusive and viciously 
intoxicated, it may be necessary to use force. In that case do not attempt to handle 
the situation by yourself unless the intoxicated person is in the act of injuring 
some of our patrons or employees. If it is possible, communicate with the manager 
and let him handle the situation. In any case, inform the manager as soon as possible. 

Third : Cases of degenerates and morons. You should never attempt to handle 
these cases without first calling the management, unless the circumstances d<*« ian d 
immediate attention. 

Fourth: During special celebrations, including the various patriotic and legal 
holidays, do not be too tenacious in carrying out instruction^ concerning the con- 
duct of groups of persons visiting our theatres on such occasions. 

29. Do not step backward, sideways, or forward, yvithout first looking in 
the direction in which you are to move. This is to prevent/ stepping on or bumping 
into patrons, which may create a situation that cannot but ibe embarrassing to both 
you and the patron, and which cannot be overcome by the iri^st profuse apologies. 

30. If a patron reports the loss of an article to you, make every reasonable 
effort to find it. If unable to so do, refer him immediately to the Lob*t and Found 
Department for information and registration. If the lost article is of great v akie to 
the patron, do not hesitate to call the manager to handle the situation. Whene ver 
you find an article which has been lost or mislaid in or about the theatre, turn it 
in to the Lost and Found Department immediately. Never say to a patron that the 
article they refer to has been found and turned in to the Lost and Found Depart- 
ment, but just refer them to the Lost and Found Department. Information con- 
cerning articles found will be guarded carefully, and will be considered strictly 
confidential. In this connection the showing or displaying of articles found will 
not be tolerated. 

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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



31. If a patron falls, stumbles, or apparently injures himself anywhere in the 
theatre, you will — 

a. Go immediately to the assistance of the patron. 

b. Render him (or her) whatever assistance is possible. 

c. Immediately call or send word to the manager. 

d. Secure information for the accident report you make to the manager. 

Name, address, and telephone number of the injured party. Names, addresses, 
and telephone numbers of other persons accompanying the injured party. If the 
injured party is unaccompanied, obtain names, addresses and telephone numbers 
of at least two witnesses who are not members of the theatre staff. Immediately 
make an examination of the location where the accident occurred and determine 
the exact physical condition of carpet, steps, railing, or other equipment of the 
theatre at that spot. Also, include the names of theatre employees who could be 
used as witnesses in the case. Make no statement to the injured person, members 
of the party, or others concerning the policy of the firm in handling accidents. 
Do not express to anyone other than the manager your own personal opinion of 
the responsibility for the accident. 

In o aS es, which in your opinion, the situation is serious, communicate with 
the managei ©t once. 

Instructions and In formation Covering 
Personal Conduct and Duties 

32. As has been pointed out to you, your primary duty is one of service to 
our patrons. You must 'not watch the performance or permit the music to distract 
your attention from this most important duty. We suggest that you attend a com' 
plete performance as early in the week as possible, in order that you may not be 
tempted to T Watch a performance during the balance of the week while on duty. 

Vo- When assigned to a post, inspect it and report immediately any irregu' 
Cities to the floor captain. 

34. Exercise care in the use of your flashlight. When taking patrons to seats, 
carry the flashlight in a perpendicular position with the light directed to the floor. 
Also use the flash on all steps and turns in all parts of the theatre. Do not get the 
light too high. Be careful that the light does not flash in the eyes of patrons already 
seated. Always be equipped with a flashlight unless otherwise instructed by the 
Chief Usher. Do not use your flashlight for the purpose of signalling or attracting 
attention, or make any other unnecessary use of it. 

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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



35. Do not open any door violently or abruptly. Open all doors carefully, so 
that they may not bump or injure a patron who may be standing immediately 
outside that door or preparing to open it. 

36. In carrying out your routine duties as usher, be very careful not to make 
unnecessary noise, as noise of any kind is extremely disturbing. 

37. Never run up and down an aisle. Walk rapidly, but walk — don't run. 
All aisle doors must be kept closed, except — 

1. At opening of the house before the start of the initial performance. 

1. During a period of continuous exit. 

3. In any case of emergency. 

4. At the completion of the last film of the final performance. 

38. Do not open any doors to the auditorium or any exterior doors of the 
building for the purpose of improving the ventilation, except with the permission 
of the management. If a patron requests that a door be opened, this request should 
be transmitted to the management for action. 

39. Do not make a check of your aisle or section during musical numbers, 
unless it becomes absolutely necessary for proper house operation. 

40. Keep the aisles clean of rubbish. Collect scraps of paper, chewing gum 
wrappers, candy boxes, newspapers, etc. and place them in a designated spot 
where they will be collected periodically by the porter. 

41. Always speak in a modulated tone. This applies particularly when speak- 
ing to anyone inside the auditorium. 

42. ALL ODORS OF SMOKE OR UNPLEASANT ODORS ARE TO BE REPORTED AT ONCE 

to the management. In case of smoke odors, you are not to attempt to judge the 
seriousness of the situation but must report it without delay. 

43. You are not allowed to run errands for anyone except members of the 
management, without the permission of the Chief Usher. Should such a request 
be made of you, transmit it to the Chief Usher, who will arrange to send someone 
on the errand. Never leave your post without first notifying your floor captain. 

44. You must not go back'Stage unless instructed to do so by the manage- 
ment. 

45. At no time during the period that the theatre is open to the public, 
shall you enter the orchestra pit for any purpose whatsoever, unless to perform 
an assigned duty or by permission of the management. 

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Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Other Theatre Employees 

46. When on duty at doors, you should open them for employees as well as 
for patrons. 

47. When about to enter an aisle always approach the usher on duty from 
the front, not from the rear. 

48. Tapping on doors, slapping thighs, rattling buttons, clearing the throat, 
or using other than the prescribed means of attracting the attention of other em' 
ployees will not be tolerated. Confine yourself to the transmission of signals as 
prescribed by the management. 

49. When it is necessary for you to hold conversation with another employee, 
avoid disturbing people about you by stepping out of the range of hearing of 
others, speak in whispers, and be as brief as possible. All communication between 
employees must be in line of duty. 

SECTION VIII 

Elevator Operators 

Elevator operators are under the supervision of, and responsible to the Chief 
Usher. 

They will be guided by the instructions and information governing ushers 
whenever these apply. In addition, special instructions will be given by the manage 
ment. 




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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION IX 

Messengers and Service Boys 

YOU are directly responsible to the Chief Usher with regard 
to your conduct and the performance of your duties. In case of 
doubt in your mind, you may obtain your instructions from him. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Theatre Patrons 

1. When a patron enters the theatre carrying a parcel, approach him politely 
and say, "May I check your parcel, sir?" Should there be any hesitancy on the 
part of the patron, quickly remind him, "There is no charge, sir." 

2. Parcel checks must not be left in the lobby or in any other place accessible 
to the general public, nor should they be carried to the locker room. Return all 
unused checks to the checkroom before going off duty. 

3. In the performance of checking service, first relieve the patron of the par' 
eel, then give him the claim check. 

4. Your conduct toward patrons and other employees will be governed by 
instructions as issued to ushers. 

5. All articles checked must be taken as quickly as possible to the check room. 
Never check two separate parcels on one check. Either tie loose parcels together 
before placing them in the check room, or obtain one of the .service department 
shopping bags. 

6. When checking parcels for patrons, be sure that the number on the claim 
check given to the patron is the same as the number on the one attached to the 
parcel. 

7. Due to the limited si^e of our check room we are unable to check raincoats, 
wet umbrellas, or overshoes. Should you at any time be requested to check any 
of these articles, your reply should be, "I am sorry, sir, we have no facilities for 
checking raincoats." 

8. In case of any misunderstanding in claiming parcels checked, do not 
attempt to settle the matter yourself. Call one of the management. 

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r 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Lost and Found and Checking Department 

1. The Lost and Found Department has within its power the rendering of 
supreme service, and the making of many friends for the institution. In rendering 
this service, it is necessary to make it impressive that we feel the responsibility of 
doing all in our power to aid patrons in retrieving their lost articles and giving 
efficient service to those who check articles. 

2. You must keep your department in an orderly condition at all times and 
be thorough and up to date in your work. 

3. Do not allow loitering in or about your department. 

4. No one is to handle the property of this department but the designated 
usher in charge. 

5. You are responsible for the checking of parcels, the handling of lost and 
found claims, and the handling of the lighting controls according to schedule, 
providing the board for same is in your department. 

6. Where your department is so situated that it may control entrance or 
exit, it is your responsibility to see that no unauthorised person enters the theatre 
through your post, and that a regular list is kept, according to instructions, of all 
persons passed into the theatre through your post, and by whose authority. 

7. No unauthorised personal telephone calls will be allowed at your station, 
either incoming or outgoing. 

8. Never leave your post unless properly relieved by the management. 

9. Patrons upon leaving the theatre, who have had every assistance in search' 
ing for their lost article, but were unable to find same, will be directed to your 
department for filing a claim card. See that complete information is entered upon 
this claim card. 

Where the patron has no permanent address where he can be notified 
when the article is found, ask him to make a return call for inquiry. 

10. In cases where the article claimed has already been turned in before the 
owner leaves the theatre and he appears to claim same, return the article to him 
upon proper identification, but see that he signs for same on the proper card which 
is to be filed in the proper file. 

11. When a claim is made over the telephone, secure the same information, 
and follow the same procedure as when a loss is reported in person. 

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12. In cases where claim is presented by a letter, make out a claim card, then 
file letter in letter file and follow same procedure as outlined for making claim in 
person. 

13. All lost articles that are turned over to your department by the finder 
must be properly labeled with complete information as to where, date and hour, 
and by whom found, and placed in a box designated for that day, in a secure and 
safe manner. Where possible, articles should be placed in envelope for safe' 
keeping. 

14. Each day, the articles which have been deposited in the day box in the 
Lost and Found Department which have remained unclaimed there for one week, 
shall be transferred to the storage room provided for same, and properly filed, to 
remain there for a period of two weeks. 

15. At the expiration of two weeks from the finding date, these articles are 
to be returned to the Lost and Found Department and a list of all persons who have 
articles coming to them, presented to the management, who will authorize the 
disposition of the articles. 

The finder shall then be notified. 

Finder must claim the article immediately upon receiving this notification. 
Articles not claimed by the finder after proper notification has been received, 
shall be disposed of by the management. 

16. A complete record of the final disposition of articles, and the signatures 
therefor shall be turned over to the management. 

17. The finder, whether he be an employee or patron, shall sign the regular 
tion receipt upon receiving the article. 

18. At the end of each day, or the beginning of the following day, make 
every effort to compare claim cards with articles turned in, and notify the claimant 
in each case, if the article is found, or of the result of your search, in a manner 
prescribed by special letters issued for this department. 

19. Where the owner desires the articles held, or in the absence of other in' 
structions, articles will be placed in the regulation envelope for mailing, by regis' 
tered mail or insured parcel'post, and turned over to the manager's office for final 
checking by the Lost and Found supervisor, who will seal the envelope, mail 
same according to instructions and enter proper mailing information on the 
attached claim card which card will be filed in the "disposed of" file. 

20. A patron will sometimes present an article which is one of a pair for your 
assistance in identifying its lost mate. These should be handled with extreme care, 
and returned to the owner after every effort has been made to locate its mate. 

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21. Handle all jewelry, money, and other articles of value according to 
special instructions issued by the management. 

22. You are responsible for the safekeeping of all property entrusted to 
your department. 

23. The slightest dishonesty in handling of any property will meet with 
instant dismissal and be subject to legal prosecution. 

24. Found articles, in keeping of the Lost and Found Department, must not 
be loaned out, except on the authority of the management. 




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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION X 

Doormen and Tic\et Takers 

DOORMEN and Ticket Takers will be governed by the follow- 
ing instructions and information covering their specific duties. 
Members of this department will be under the direct supervision of 
the treasurer or members of the management, and should at all 
times follow strictly instructions given them. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Theatre Patrons 

1. You are charged with the care and comfort of our patrons while they are 
outside the entrance. Your manner and attitude may be the means of holding 
many prospective patrons who may be undecided whether to wait for admission 
to your theatre or to go to another theatre where the wait may be shorter or pos' 
sibly eliminated entirely. Many patrons will be influenced to enter your theatre 
by such minute details as a pleasing smile, an inviting nod, a gracious manner or a 
pleasant and expectant announcement concerning the wait. Cheerful service will' 
ingly given cannot be overvalued. 

Dignity and refinement in your manner will never let your work approach 
the attitude of "circus barker." 

2. Assist patrons in every way possible. Be on the alert to pick up articles 
or parcels dropped by patrons who are engaged in handling their money. Look 
after the comfort of crippled or aged persons and small children. 

3. Endeavor to be constantly informed as to the correct waiting time for 
seats. Should you at any time desire this information, obtain it from the treasurer 
or one of the management. 

4. The proper answer to such questions as "When does the next feature 
picture start?" is, if possible, "The next feature picture is scheduled to start at 
3 :3c sir," or in case of a question such as,"Where can I see Miss Smith?" the proper 
reply would be "You may inquire at the stage door, sir." Absolute, positive in- 
formation is many times misunderstood, and, therefore, that form of reply should 
be avoided. 

5. All persons inquiring of the doorman for the Lost and Found Depart' 
ment or for the Check Room should be directed promptly by the customary route. 

[39] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



6. Aged or crippled persons may be passed through the lobby and into the 
foyer in order to sit down and await the rest of their party. Experience has proved 
that it is advisable to admit one member of their party with them to act as guardian 
and prevent their becoming confused, lost, or separated from the rest of their 
party. The entire party should not be passed through except in their regular turn. 

7. If at any time the patrons should ask if it is a good show this week, you 
should say, "The comments are good sir, I am sure you will enjoy it." 

8. During seasons of the year when the weather is extremely cold or in' 
clement, make every effort possible to add to the comfort of our prospective 
patrons. The greatest opportunity you have to do this is just before the initial 
opening of the house for the day, to permit those gathered about the box office 
to step into the lobby to wait until the box office is open. Where you think it 
advisable suggest to the management that the side curtains of the marquee be 
lowered in order to give added protection to those persons standing in ticket lines. 

9. Do not argue with any patron. If they object to any regulation you are 
enforcing, answer "I am sorry, sir, I am just carrying out my instructions. Do you 
wish to take it up with the manager?" 

10. Try to look at the persons to whom you are speaking, and answer their 
questions promptly, correctly, politely, but briefly. 

11. Never touch patrons or use any force in forming lines or admitting them 
to the theatre. A request will be heeded more often than a command. Courtesy is 
conducive to cooperation, and a careful use of "Thank you, sir" will be of great 
benefit in assisting you in forming lines either to the box office or in the case of 
ticket holders awaiting admission to the theatre. 

12. Do not permit any patron to enter the theatre carrying pets, such as 
dogs, cats, birds, etc. Should a discussion arise, an opportunity affords itself to 
explain to the patron that an animal of any kind in a darkened auditorium might 
unexpectedly cause a good deal of commotion. Inform such patrons that we have 
no facilities for checking animals, birds, or other pets. 

13. Under certain conditions we might be held responsible for the conduct 
or actions of intoxicated persons while on the premises of our theatre. Therefore, 
you must be careful not to admit intoxicated persons into the theatre, even though 
they might have in their possession an admission ticket. Be diplomatic and 
call one of the management so that a refund can be made. 

14. Outside doormen, at the beginning of the last performance, should 
announce this fact to purchasers of tickets in the following manner — "The last 
performance has just started, sir," or "The last performance has been going on 

[40] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



fifteen minutes. 11 To all those persons purchasing tickets after the start of the last 
musical speciality, the announcement should be, "You will see the feature picture 
and comedy only, sir. 11 

15. In the absence of a footman, outside doorman should perform his duties 
in extending the usual courtesies and attention to patrons arriving and leaving in 
automobiles. 

16. Many persons leave the ticket window before receiving their change, 
and later submit a claim of shortage to the management. These claims may be 
minimized by a very alert attitude on the part of the doorman in answering the 
signal of the cashier to call back the last person who was at the box office. In step' 
ping up to a patron who has left change at the window, your approach should be 
as follows: "Pardon me, sir, the cashier would like to speak to you." Do not say, 
"Pardon me, sir, you left change at the box office. 11 

17. At the hours of price change, you will be guided by the following in' 
structions : 

When One Doorman Is on Duty 

(A) When the number of people approaching the window is not excessive, 
three minutes before the time of changing prices, stop selling at one ticket win' 
dow and direct all patrons arriving to the end of the line purchasing tickets at the 
other widow. At the appointed hour, change the price sign in the window 
recently closed, and step to the end of the ticket line which has formed in front of 
the other widow. All patrons arriving after that time should be directed to pur' 
chase tickets at the first window which has changed prices. When you have 
moved up with the patrons and reached the window, change the price sign in 
that window and continue selling tickets at the new price. 

(B) When the number of people approaching the window is excessive, stop 
selling tickets promptly at the appointed hour of change, change both price signs 
and resume selling at the new price. 

When Two Doormen Are on Duty 

(A) When the number of people approaching the window is not excessive, 
each doorman at the appointed hour will take his post at the end of the line 
formed at each window and move forward with the patrons to the window. When 
he has reached the window, price signs will be changed and tickets from then on 
will be sold at the advanced price. 

[41] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



(B) When the number of people approaching the window is excessive, 
cashiers are instructed to discontinue selling at the appointed hour of change, 
until the price signs can be changed, when selling will be resumed at the advanced 
price. 

1 8. At the hour when the prices of tickets change, the ticket taker must be 
liberal in his interpretation of the length of time that those tickets sold at the re' 
duced schedule should be acceptable for admission into the theatre. The exact 
length of this period can only be determined as a result of experience and practice. 
Where we have filled the house completely shortly prior to the change of prices, 
all those tickets sold at reduced prices should be acceptable for admission for the 
first available seats in the theatre. 

19. Notify patrons who enter smoking that the fire prevention ordinance 
prohibits smoking within a theatre. This should be done in the following way — 
1 'Pardon me, sir, but the fire prevention ordinance prohibits smoking in the 
theatre." 

20. Never take a ticket indifferently. We expect those who are charged with 
the duty of receiving tickets to "accept" tickets rather than merely to take them. 
This is one of the refinements of service to our patrons which is very much appre' 
ciated, although seemingly quite minute. Whenever possible, say "Thank you," 
when receiving a ticket or a pass. Whenever you are accepting tickets rapidly, 
the spoken "Thank you" may be omitted, but the attitude of "Thank you" may 
be expressed merely by a nod, and let your glance when accepting tickets from 
patrons, include the patron as well as merely the ticket. 

21. You must not pass into the theatre any persons other than those who 
present a pass, a ticket, or other authorized admission. 

22. All persons twelve years of age or over, upon entering the theatre must 
present an adult ticket. All children under twelve and over two years of age must 
present a child's ticket. 

A broad interpretation of the foregoing rule is to be practiced at all times. 
Never question closely the age of a child as given by the child or the child's 
guardian or parents, if a child's admission ticket is presented. If this should be 
necessary be governed by the following phrase — "Pardon me, sir, a child's ad' 
mission ticket is required for all children over two years of age," or "Pardon me, 
sir, an adult admission ticket is required for all children twelve years of age and 
over." 

23. Monthly passes are to be punched in the space designated for that pur' 
pose. In the event of seeming abuse of the pass privilege, make a mental note of the 

[4*] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



pass number and name thereon. Write it down as soon thereafter as possible, and 
report it to the management. Do not enter into discussion with the guest. 

In case of dispute over pass or ticket call one of the management immediately. 

24. All policemen and firemen when entering the theatre in line of duty are 
to be admitted without tickets. This does not include any persons who might be 
accompanying them. All policemen or firemen not entering the theatre in the line 
of duty, who wish to enjoy the entertainment are to be referred to the manage' 
ment for an authorised pass. 

25. Destroy all tickets immediately upon presentation, or in case of rush, as 
soon as possible. Tear them in two and deposit the fragments in the ticket chopper. 

26. In case a patron wishes to leave the theatre soon after entering to do an 
errand or keep an appointment, and desires to return within a reasonable length 
of time the same day, ask him or her, to wait a moment until the next ticket is 
presented at the door, punch it at least three times, and give it to the patron 
as a return check. 

27. It is a tremendous influence in building up goodwill if you are able to 
recognise our regular weekly patrons. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Personal Conduct and Duties 

28. You have been placed in an extremely trustworthy position, due to the 
fact that your past record and reputation, having been carefully investigated, 
have given us confidence and faith in your integrity. 

29. You are the guardian of the entrance to our theatre and box office. There- 
fore, be alert and active in the performance of your duties. 

30. The duties which are assigned to you as doorman are of such a character 
that you are prone to become officious unless you train yourself definitely to over- 
come this tendency. 

31. A bright, cheerful and pleasant expression is very necessary, and you will, 
therefore, endeavor to maintain a courtly bearing while on duty. Never lean on 
ticket chopper, against walls, or box office. 

32. Be refined and immaculate in personal appearance. Doormen must at 
all times be very neat and clean. Patrons get their first impression of our institu- 
tion through the appearance of the employees. 

33. Know the program, especially the starting times of the feature and the 
specialities, so that you may talk intelligently and answer questions promptly and 
correctly. 

[43] 



FOR BALABAN S? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



34. Do not hold lengthy conversations with anyone. Politely inform any 
insistent gossiper or visitor that you are not allowed to hold conversations. 
Never contract business of a personal nature while on duty. Visiting or laughing 
presents a poor appearance and lowers your attentive standard. 

35. Your ticket chopper should be located at the entrance door so that it 
will not in any way even partially interfere with the entrance of patrons. 

36. During inclement or cold weather you can assist very materially in 
eliminating the draft coming through your entrance doors by blocking the direct 
passage of air from your front doors to the inner doors. Do not have the ticket 
takers 1 door directly in line with the front door which is open. 

37. Due to your position, you should be constantly on the alert to take 
notice of suspicious characters who might be loitering in the vicinity of our box 
office. If the situation merits, report it to the manager immediately. 

38. Doormen should never be guilty of flirtatious conduct, in or about the 
theatre, and should never stare at or watch ladies entering or passing the theatre. 

39. You are responsible for the condition of all equipment in the immediate 
vicinity of your position. In all cases where conditions are not in accord with our 
standard, you will report these conditions immediately to the treasurer. 

40. Every Monday when finally relieved from duty you will obtain from the 
Chief Usher a suggestion card which you will fill out in accordance with instruct 
tions, and turn it in to the manager's office before going home. The greatest value 
of your suggestion card will be the accurate and verbatim transmission of com' 
ments overheard by you of patrons leaving the theatre. 

Instructions and Information Covering Contact 
with Other Theatre Employees 

41. Keep your ticket choppers oiled and in good condition. Report all me' 
chanical irregularities to the treasurer at once. Do not overload your box. Always 
run the tickets through regularly. Do not create noise or attract attention by 
pounding the box or whirling the wheel rapidly. 

42. Keep the current program posted in your box for ready reference. 

43. Do not talk to cashiers except in line of duty. Never return used or 
unused tickets to the cashier. 

44. Where an error has been made and two tickets are issued in place of 
one, report this fact to the management and not to the cashier. 

45. Allow no employees to congregate on your post, or in close proximity 
to the front of the theatre. 

[44] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XI 

Footmen 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Theatre Patrons 

1. We realise that, due to the class of work you do and to the custom of 
tipping, you are proffered gratuities more frequently than other classes of em' 
ployees; therefore, your attention is specifically called to the rules governing 
tipping. 

a. Tipping is strictly forbidden. If a gratuity is offered you, refuse it 
firmly but politely with "No, thank you, sir, Balaban & Kats service." 

b. Occasionally a persistent tipper will make every effort to force upon 
you a gratuity. In such a case your reply should be, "No, thank you, 
sir. I will lose my position if I accept it.'" 

c. You will experience occasions when some patrons are so persistent in 
forcing upon you a gratuity that they will throw money upon the 
ground as they leave in their cars. In this case you will call one of the 
management immediately and turn the tip over to him. Should the cir' 
cumstances permit, you will pick up the money and do everything in 
your power to see that it is returned to the proper person. 

2. When a cab or automobile draws up at your theatre entrance, bow 
politely, salute by touching the visor of your cap and then open the door. The 
idea of this is to extend a feeling of welcome. 

3. Do not touch patrons in assisting them out of or into automobiles except 
where assistance is plainly desired, such as in the case of incapacitated persons, 
elderly persons or ladies carrying small children, and then only after saying, "May 
I assist you, ma'am?" 

4. Open and close vehicle doors promptly and carefully. Avoid breaking 
windows or catching patrons' fingers or clothes in the door. Any damage caused 
by rough or careless handling of vehicle doors will be charged against you. 

5. Allow no vehicle to be parked before an entrance or exit or within the 
prescribed limits of fire plugs, street corners or near fire escapes. Have complete 

[45] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



knowledge of police regulations affecting parking in the vicinity of your theatre. 
You will receive this information from the management. 

6. When patrons desire information regarding parking, direct them to the 
footman who is in charge of parking. Should there be no footman in charge of 
parking, advise them of existing police regulations regarding parking. 

7. Inform patrons who intend parking cars of our free checking service and 
suggest to them to check robes, parcels, or other such property with us for safe' 
keeping. 

8. Do what you can to assist patrons who are having trouble with their 
automobiles, but do not devote too much time to them. 

9. Should you have occasion to assist a patron to park his car, always be 
patient and courteous and exercise care to avoid a collision. 

10. In case of traffic congestion, do all in your power to prevent collisions, 
guard against all accidents by giving proper signals to drivers. 

11. Do not enter or drive vehicles for patrons. By such action you make the 
firm of Balaban Kats liable for any damage that might be done during the period 
that you are at the wheel. 

12. Learn to recognize the patrons as they return week after week. Many 
times our patrons are accompanied by friends and acquaintances and they appre^ 
ciate our recognition. 

13. When answering patrons as to how long they will have to wait for seats, 
be sure to give as exact a reply as possible. If in doubt, ask the outside doorman. 

14. Do not argue with a patron. If they object to any regulation you are 
enforcing, tell them, "I am very sorry, sir, I am carrying out instructions given me 
by the management. I shall be glad to call one of the managers if you wish to speak 
to him. ,, 

15. Always look directly at the person to whom you are talking. It makes 
your statements more easily understood and lends an element of refinement to 
your service. 

16. If at any time a patron should ask you, "Is it a good show this week?" 
the proper answer will be, "The comments are favorable, sir, I am sure you will 
enjoy it." 

17. All persons inquiring of the footman for the Lost and Found Department, 
the Check Room, or other departments, will be directed by the customary route. 

18. Do not run errands for patrons unless the necessity is extremely urgent. 
Rather, inform them that you are instructed not to leave your post. 

[46] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Instructions and Information Covering 
Personal Conduct and Duties 

19. Be alert to the duties assigned to you, constantly observing the street in 
the direction of the approach of vehicles. Make your actions and your bearing 
reflect that alertness. When standing, stand erect with your feet together and your 
hands at your sides or behind your back. When moving about, do so in a business' 
like way. 

20. Chewing of gum, candy, or tobacco, or the carrying of any foreign sub' 
stance in the mouth while on duty is absolutely forbidden. 

21. Special uniforms will be provided for inclement weather. During such 
conditions be sure that you are equipped with an umbrella to protect patrons 
arriving or leaving in automobiles. 

22. Wet raincoats and boots must not be put away before being cleaned, 
and umbrellas should not be stored in your locker, but should be left open until 
dry. 

23. Footmen must wear clean white gloves at all times in pleasant weather. 
Soiled or wet gloves should be changed as often as is necessary. On extremely 
cold days, warm leather gloves will be furnished by the management. 

24. Do not leave your post except by permission of the head of your depart' 
ment. Do not ask relief or leave when business is at capacity. This applies espe' 
cially during the time of large exodus or arrivals. 

25. You are prohibited from watching the show at any time while in uniform. 

26. Know the program, especially the beginning of the feature and specialties, 
so that you can talk intelligently and answer questions promptly and correctly. 

27. Your duties are such that if you do not exercise care you will become 
officious. This is an attitude which is extremely objectionable and will counteract 
to a large extent other service which has been rendered graciously. 

28. Do not hold lengthy conversations with any one while on duty. Politely 
inform any persistent gossiper or visitor that it is contrary to your instructions. 
This is very important. Further, contract no personal business while on duty. 

29. We do not tolerate any employees guilty of flirtatious conduct. This 
includes the practice expressed in the slangilyput phrase "looking them over." 

30. When patrons request cabs, which makes it necessary to leave your 
post to fulfill their wants, special instructions will be issued by the house manage' 
ment. 

[47] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Other Theatre Employees 

31. Do not talk to other employees except in line of duty. Visiting and laugh' 
ing presents a poor appearance and detracts from your attention to duty. 

32. In transmitting messages to employees, be careful to do so in an under' 
tone so that patrons will not hear. 

33. Allow no employees to congregate on your post. In case of persistent 
offenders, report them to the management. 

SECTION XII 

Cashiers 

You have been selected for a position of trust in our organi- 
sation. Your record has been carefully checked up and found 
satisfactory, whereupon we have had you bonded by our com- 
mercial bonding company. Your acts and conduct with regard to 
handling funds from now on become a matter of record and can 
either reflect to your credit or permanently to your discredit. 
It is a part of our duty to you and to the bonding company to 
report any of your acts to the bonding company while you are in 
our employ. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Theatre Patrons 

1. You have an opportunity to add refinement to your work by the "accept' 
ance" of money offered for tickets rather than the mere taking of money. Whenever 
it is practicable you will accompany the acceptance of money or the return of 
change with the tickets by a "Thank you." When selling very rapidly, this 
"Thank you 11 may not be expressed in words, but the attitude may be carried to 
our patrons by a glance or a slight nod of the head. 

2. Always be polite, and courteous. Use the term "How many, please," to 
patrons stepping up to your box office. 

3. Children over two years and under twelve years of age are required to 
have a child's admission ticket. Never question too closely the age of the child 
as given by the child or by the child's guardian or parent. 

[48] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



4. Refunds on tickets are handled as follows: 

a. Tickets of the current day's sale may be refunded upon presentation 
to you without the approval of the management. Refunds made on 
such tickets are to be made to patrons and not to employees. Employees 
are to request patrons to get their own refunds at the box office. 

b. Tickets sold on previous days are not to be accepted for refund with' 
out the approval of one of management or treasurer. All money paid 
out for such refunds should be collected by the treasurer from the 
petty cash fund before you check out your funds upon the completion 
of the day's work. 

c. Refunds will always be made upon the presentation of the regulation 
refund slip fully and completely filled out and signed by one of the 
management, or the treasurer. 

d. Tickets of the current day's sale which are in the possession of patrons 
may be accepted in partial payment for tickets at the advanced rate. 

5. Do not sell tickets to intoxicated people. In the event of such a condition, 
politely tell the visitor, "Pardon me a moment please," and then call the doorman. 

6. Should a patron start to leave your window without taking his change, 
you should call him back with "Your change, sir." If this does not attract him, it 
may be necessary to resort to a tap on the window or upon the counter, which 
will attract either his attention or the attention of the doorman. There is generally 
little question about the silver left. In cases where large bills have been presented 
in payment for tickets and the patron leaves the window without receiving the 
currency portion of his change, make every effort to have him recalled and then 
ask, "What did you give me, sir?" before offering further change to him. Should 
you feel positive that currency has been left in your possession which rightfully 
belongs to some patron, place that currency immediately in an envelope, noting 
the time of day, and, if possible, some distinguishing feature or characteristic 
about the person who you believe left it, giving kind and number of tickets pur' 
chased and the amount and kind of change that the patron might have received. 

7. Checks, coins with holes in them or having other permanent disfigure' 
ment, mutilated currency, foreign moneys, I. O. U.'s, travelers' checks, or other 
commercial paper of any nature should not be accepted for change or in lieu of 
money for admission tickets without the approval of one of the managers or 
treasurer. 

8. Do not cash checks or petty cash vouchers unless O.K.'d by one of the 
managers or the treasurer. 

[49] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



9. In making change from bills of large denomination, be very sure to leave 
the bill presented to your window on your counter until change has been made and 
verified by the patron. In presenting currency as change to a patron, make every 
effort to count that currency and present it to the patron in such a way as to aid 
him in rapid verification of it so as to cause the least possible delay at the box 
office. 

10. Never inform patrons as to length of wait. In such cases, refer them to 
the doorman in the following manner — "Would you kindly ask one of the door' 
men? He is better informed than I am/ 1 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Personal Conduct and Duties 

11. You are employed upon the basis of seven days a week. We have set the 
precedent of permitting you a day off a week in the past dependent upon business 
conditions, and you are cautioned that it is entirely within our right to expect 
you to work without extra pay seven days a week when business demands it. 
Should your scheduled day off fall on a holiday, we expect that you report for work 
on that day. 

12. Daily work schedules are prepared by the management and are subject 
to change without notice. You are expected to report in uniform ready for work 
twenty minutes before the scheduled opening of the house. In any case of absence 
regardless of what the cause may be, you are expected to notify the management 
in sufficient time so that he can make arrangements to cover your position. 

13. Your duties as cashier are more than the mere taking of money and giving 
in return of tickets and change. In addition to performing your mechanical duties in 
a businesslike manner, we expect that you will radiate and reflect a spirit of 
pleasure and welcome to our patrons. You are charged with the responsibility of 
transmitting to our patrons the refinement and graciousness of that fine feminine 
element which is present nowhere else in our organisation. Accuracy and speed 
in the performance of your duties are essential, but these elements are not necessar' 
ily accompanied by a worried expression and a pessimistic attitude. Remember 
that during the time when you are busiest you have the greatest opportunity to 
make a lasting impression of our service upon the greatest number of patrons. 
Whenever trying and difficult situations occur at the ticket window, you are ex' 
pected to meet them with an attitude of refinement and sympathetic tolerance 
which is at all times above reproach. Make the purchase of tickets at your window 
an additional pleasure to each of our patrons . 

[50] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



14. Check your bank before opening and report immediately any irregularity 
to the treasurer. 

15. Report immediately any trouble or any irregularity in the operation of 
the coin changer or ticket machines to the treasurer or one of the managers. 

16. When your box office is closed temporarily, drop your curtains. Should 
you temporarily leave the box office, drop your curtains, remove the change trays 
of the change machine and place all moneys out of the sight or reach of any un' 
authorized person. Turn off the motor which operates your ticket machine. 

17. When closing the box office for the day, be sure that the tickets are 
dropped in the magazine and that the magazines are locked in the machine, that 
motors are turned off, that any surplus packages of tickets are either locked in 
the cabinet provided or returned to the office, that a careful search is made of 
the floor for moneys that may have dropped during business hours and that all 
papers containing figures of any kind have been destroyed. 

18. Extreme care, neatness and accuracy must be exercised in making out 
your daily report. Carbon copies must receive the same careful attention. Any 
irregularity occurring between ticket numbers and machine numbers must be 
brought to the attention of the treasurer for adjustment without delay. 

19. Reports of your day's receipts in which you have made errors should 
not be destroyed, but must accompany your correct report which is turned in to 
the treasurer with your day's receipts. 

20. You are not expected to go to extremes in your method of hairdress, or 
to excess in the use of rouge and cosmetics or the wearing of flashy jewelry of 
any kind. We prefer that you have a neat, trim, and refined appearance. In the box 
office you will wear a blouse with accessories furnished by the management. 
This uniform is cared for by the management, but we rely upon you to call to the 
attention of the treasurer any necessary repairs or alterations. 

21. Chewing of gum, or eating of candy, or other food in the box office is 
not expected, nor will it be tolerated. 

22. You are expected to keep the box office reasonably neat and orderly at 
all times. 

23. You are expected to note and report immediately the presence and actions 
of any person who becomes unduly interested in the box office at your theatre. In 
case of a real emergency when someone may attempt to "hold up" the box office, 
we do not expect you to make any personal sacrifice in the protection of money 
in your care. There is little you can do in such emergencies which would materially 
benefit the firm. 

[51] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



24. All moneys received at the box office become the property of the organi' 
nation. This includes change which is left at the box office by patrons buying 
tickets. You will find a space provided on your daily report for accounting for 
"overages." Wherever possible, these overages will be explained as provided in a 
previous paragraph. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Other Employees 

25. The day's receipts are absolutely confidential and are not to be divulged 
to any persons other than one of the managers or the treasurer. Under no circum- 
stances are you to transmit over the phone to any one the day's figures. 

26. Never open the door to the box office to admit any one except the mana- 
ger, assistant managers or treasurer, and then only after seeing them and positively 
identifying them. 

27. Do not permit repairmen or mechanics to enter your box office at any 
time except when they are in the company of one of the managers or the treasurer. 

28. In no case are you to keep the door of the box office open any longer than 
is absolutely necessary. Do not engage in conversation with the box office door 
open. 




[ 5>1 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XIII 

Matrons and J\[urses 

YOU are directly responsible to the management, and will 
from time to time receive special instructions. You are respon- 
sible for the condition of the ladies 1 parlors, and the conduct and 
work of the maids during the opening hours of the theatre. 

You should keep the necessary first aid supplies on hand at 
all times, and should answer all emergency calls without delay. 

Should you detect patrons smoking in the ladies' parlor, 
approach them and say, "Pardon me, ma'am, the management re- 
quests that you refrain from smoking in the theatre, thank you." 

In theatres where there are playrooms for children, special 
rules will be issued by the management of that theatre. 

You will be held responsible for general conditions of the 
female employees' dressing rooms, and the conduct of all who use 
them. As the maids are directly responsible to you, we in turn hold 
you responsible for their personal appearance and the condition of 
their uniforms and equipment. 

You should be prepared to answer emergency calls whether 
from patrons or employees. 




[53] 



FOR BALABAN &> KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



m 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XIV 

Maids 

MAIDS are directly responsible to the matron or nurse, and 
will report to her for instructions. Working schedules are 
arranged by the management. In the absence of a matron or nurse, 
maids will report direct to one of the management. 

1. While cleaning, dusting, or arranging equipment, create just as little dis- 
turbance as possible, and under no circumstances request patrons to move in 
order that you may carry on your work. 

2. Prompt attention must be given to patrons in cases of necessity. 

3. Should you detect patrons smoking in the ladies 1 parlor, approach them 
and say, "Pardon me, ma'am, the management requests that you refrain from 
smoking in the theatre. Thank you. 11 

4. Wash basins, drains, or faucets which are out of order must be reported 
immediately to the matron or superintendent. 

5. In your rounds of the theatre, attention must be given to the drinking 
fountains; remove all gum, matches, and other refuse. 

6. All equipment for maintaining toilet rooms and cosmetic rooms should 
be kept out of sight, except when you are using it. Never hang cleaning cloths 
under wash basins or on plumbing fixtures. 

7. In maintaining washrooms in a clean and wholesome condition, under no 
circumstances use towel baskets, or permit towel baskets to be used as receptacles 
for refuse of any kind. 




[55] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



( 



( I 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XV 

Policemen and Firemen 

REGARDLESS of what your status is with reference to the 
^ municipal government, you, as an employee of our organisa- 
tion, are to be governed and controlled by the management at the 
theatre to which you are assigned. In all matters not directly con- 
flicting with your responsibility to your department, the following 
instructions and information will be your guide, covering your 
conduct and general deportment while on duty at the theatre. 

1. You are not expected to give information to persons concerning the sched' 
ule, performance, or operation of the theatre, but should politely refer those pa' 
trons to the proper person from whom they may obtain the desired information. 

2. While on duty be constantly alert to render assistance to patrons of the 
theatre, in cases of minor emergencies, such as accidents or sickness. 

3. We expect you to conduct yourself in the most gentlemanly manner while 
on duty at our theatre, extending the customary courtesies to our patrons, such as 
opening doors, picking up parcels which may have been dropped, or rendering 
assistance to aged or infirm persons. 

4. You are expected, while on duty, to conform to the spirit which domi' 
nates other employees of our organisation in the matter of appearance. Your uni' 
form should be kept in good condition at all times, completely buttoned, your 
shoes shined, the gloves which you wear should be kept clean, and your cap 
should be placed squarely on your head. We believe you will derive much benefit 
from procuring and reading a copy of our "Instructions to Doormen/ ' 

5. Policemen are assigned to each of our theatres primarily for the purpose 
of added protection to our box office receipts. Therefore, you should be constantly 
on the alert to detect any suspicious characters that might be observing our box 
office or our method of handling funds, and you should never permit money to be 
transferred from the box office to the safe without your accompanying it. 

6. Firemen are assigned by the Bureau of Fire Prevention and Public Safety. 
You should be ever watchful for conditions which in case of a panic would become 
hazardous. 

[57] 



FOR BALABAN 5? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



OU are employed on a daily hour basis in accordance with 



JL the current scheduled program, and are a member of one of the 
full or part time groups. The daily hourly schedule is based en' 
tirely on current programs of entertainment. A week is composed of 
seven working days, but in keeping with the policy of Balaban 6? 
Katz; to make all work as agreeable as possible, and that your ser^ 
vices may be given eagerly and sincerely, and in keeping with the 
rules and regulations as hereafter set forth, and above all to carry 
the spirit of Balaban 6? Katz. service into every word you say and 
every act you perform while on duty, you are called to duty only 
when needed and relieved as soon as your daily tasks are performed. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Theatre Patrons 

1. Tipping is strictly forbidden. Do not suggest a tip and under no circum' 
stances are you to accept one. This is an ironclad rule. If a gratuity is offered you, 
refuse it firmly but politely with, "No thank you, sir, Balaban 6? Katz; service." 
In case of a persistent tipper, your reply should be, "No, thank you, sir, I will 
lose my position if I accept it." The acceptance of a tip warrants immediate dis' 
missal. 

2. Coupons from our official coupon books are to be accepted at their face 
value for the purchase of tickets only. The holders of these books are not to be 
given any privileges which are not extended to other patrons. However, we 
encourage the purchase of these books and desire to facilitate their use in every 
way possible. Do not fail to reflect our appreciation of the fact that patrons are 
using this method of utilising our service. 

3. Passes signed in red ink are issued to executives, newspaper representa^ 
tives, movie critics and other specially privileged persons. These passes entitle 
the bearers to certain special attention and privileges during the hours when the 
theatre is open. These privileges include immediate entrance to the theatre, first 
available seats, and any other courtesies which you can reasonably extend. 



SECTION XVI 





[59] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Instructions and Information Covering 
Personal Conduct and Duties 

4. When reporting for duty or leaving the theatre, you will use the entrance 
or exits designated by the management. 

5. Before going on duty, always read the bulletins posted on the bulletin 
board in your locker room. 

6. Special attention must be given to personal cleanliness, the hair must 
always be properly cut and trimmed, the entire body must be clean, teeth properly 
cared for and breath always pure. 

7. You are not expected to be on duty in untidy uniforms, or soiled linen. 
Shoes must be neatly cleaned and properly shined. Shoestrings must be neatly 
tied in a small knot or tucked in at the top of the shoe. 

8. Clothing and equipment which is furnished you by the management is 
kept clean and in repair for your use. It is your duty to report in the manner pre' 
scribed by the management, any condition which requires attention, so that de' 
fects may be remedied without unnecessary delay. White gloves, when issued, 
must be worn at all times prescribed by the management. 

9. Special attention must be given to the care of and the accountability of 
your uniform and equipment. You are held responsible for your own complete 
uniform and equipment. When uniforms are being worn and equipment used, 
they must be given proper care and consideration. When not in use they must be 
properly placed in lockers. 

10. You have been instructed as to the proper wearing of your uniform. 
Your uniform serves to identify you to our patrons, and to add to the "atmos' 
phere" of our theatres. If it is to accomplish these purposes, it must be dusted, free 
from spots, carefully adjusted, and at all times completely buttoned. 

When off duty, refrain from wearing parts of your uniform in combination 
with civilian clothing. Such practice is slovenly and detracts from the theatre 
which you represent. Do not take part in pranks or games which may cause damage 
or unnecessary wear and tear to your uniform. Should you be guilty of such actions, 
it will be viewed as wilful neglect and damage to Balaban 6? Katz; properties. 

11. At all times while on duty you will stand erect, with your arms hanging 
naturally at your sides or clasped behind your back. Standing with arms folded 
across the chest gives a very cold and unapproachable appearance and is not an 
alert position. 

11. When walking, do so in an upright, business-like manner, whether on or 
off duty. Do not stroll or saunter about. 

[60] 



FOR BALABAN d KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



13. You are continually being observed by patrons of our theatres, and, 
therefore, must refrain from yawning or stretching at any time while on duty. 

14. You are not to carry lighted cigarettes or cigars from or into the theatre. 
Under no conditions will chewing of gum or tobacco, or eating candy or food be 
permitted while you are on duty. Never carry matches, toothpicks, or any foreign 
substances in your mouth at any time when in uniform. 

15. Never sit down in chairs, seats, or lounges in any part of the theatre 
accessible to the public except the auditorium. This applies to all times, whether 
on or off duty, and whether in or out of uniform. 

16. If you wish to watch the performance, you must change from your uni' 
form to business clothes, and while in the theatre for that purpose, confine your' 
self strictly to observation of the entertainment. By observing the performance 
early in its run, you will remove the temptation to let your interest in the show 
detract from your attention to your duties. 

17. Whenever you are enjoying one of our entertainments on a pass which 
has been granted you, we expect that your conduct will be above reproach. 
Remember that your pass grants you admission only. In all other respects you are 
afforded the same treatment as other theatre patrons. You will be passed into the 
theatre and auditorium and be seated in your regular turn. Do not ask for special 
attention or privileges. These will not be granted and to ask for them will reflect 
to your discredit. 

18. Follow carefully the regulations covering the use of company telephones, 
as outlined in instructions issued by the management. 

19. Do not visit the Lost and Found Department except on business and then 
make your visit as brief as possible. 

20. The practice expressed by the slang phrase "looking them over" is not 
expected and will not be tolerated. 

21. Be sure to fill out a suggestion card every Monday night. Do not give 
your opinion of the show. Give only expressions or comments which you have 
heard from the patrons. Do not ask the opinion of any patron. 

22. Your conduct in club or assembly rooms of the theatre will be governed 
by the following regulations: on entering and leaving club rooms, you must be 
quiet and dignified, no noise or loud talking or laughing or playful conduct will 
be tolerated. Conduct yourself as a gentleman at all times while in the club room. 
You must be completely and properly clothed at all times. Refrain from noise and 
loud and boisterous laughter. Profane and indecent language will not be tolerated. 

[61] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



You may eat lunch in the club room, but care must be exercised in keeping grease, 
paper, and food off the floor. All remains of lunches and paper and string will be 
placed in receptacle for same. Gambling in any form will not be tolerated. All 
employees enjoying the privileges of the room must feel responsible in helping 
to keep the room clean and orderly. Any form of amusement that might cause dis- 
comfort or distract the patrons of the theatre will not be tolerated. 

23. Instructions covering conduct and care of locker rooms and lockers: 

a. All waste paper must be put in the receptacle provided. 

b. Newspapers and periodicals will not be put on benches and chairs, 
but when not in use must be arranged in an orderly manner on the 
table. 

c. Soiled linen will be put in container provided for it. 

d. Lockers must be clean and neat always. 

e. Hats, collars, and gloves will be placed on the shelf. 

/. Shoes, with socks, will be placed on the floor of the locker. 

g. Uniforms will be on hangers at all times. 

h. Before leaving the building, be sure that your requisition for clean 
clothing and equipment has been entered on the prescribed form. 

i. Toilet preparations or articles will be neatly arranged on the shelf. 
A small box may be used for them. 

j. When ushers are polishing their shoes, they will give special attention 
to the edge of the soles. 

\. Self government among yourselves in the club or locker room is not 
discouraged, but must conform in spirit with the instructions and 
regulations of the organisation, as herein set forth. 

24. When you have mastered the preceding instructions and have made the 
spirit of Balaban 6? Katz; service the dominating influence in your work, you will 
be able to handle other situations with tact and courtesy although they may not 
be covered by specific instructions. 

Instructions and Information Covering 
Contact with Other Employees 

25. Whenever directly addressing other employees, you will use the appro 
priate title of "Mr.," "Mrs.," or "Miss." When on the floor all answers must 
carry the polite phrase of "No, sir," or "Yes, sir." 

[62] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



26. In transmitting business messages or instructions, either by sign or 
conversation, do so in a quiet manner so as to not be understood or overheard by 
patrons. 

27. When off duty do not speak with other employees who are on duty; if 
the necessity arises be very brief and business-like. When on duty speak only to 
others in the performance of your duty and be as brief as possible. 

28. Do not congregate, under any circumstances, with other employees on 
duty or off duty, in parts of the theatre accessible to the public. When permission 
to conduct business on the floor with other employees has been granted, this 
must be brief, otherwise must be postponed until both parties are relieved. 

29. The spirit of correction is constructive. Acknowledge your gratitude to 
those who are sufficiently interested in you to make corrections, by a sincere, 
"Thank you, sir." 

30. Refrain from idle gossip, small talk, criticism of other members of the 
organization, and the discussion of false rumors. Such practices belittle you in 
your own estimation as well as in the estimation of others. 

31. Should you at any time become discontented with conditions or become 
obsessed with petty grievances, go to your superior, iron out your difficulties 
and regain your proper attitude toward the organization. 



FOR BALABAN &? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 




[63] 



( 



c 



mm 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XVII 

Instructions and Information Governing 
Projection Department 




INOBOOTH operators are directly responsible to the Man- 
- ager of the theatre to which they are assigned. 



The Chief Operator is charged with the proper conduct of the 
personnel and the operation of all of the equipment in this depart- 
ment. The Chief Operator will be present during the rehearsal 
on Monday morning of each new show, and will remain on duty 
throughout the day, if necessary, to see that all operators are 
thoroughly familiar with the routine of the performance. 

All projection equipment in cue rooms and rooms equipped for 
private exhibition of pictures is to be cared for by the Chief 
Operator. 

1. Operators will comply with all fire ordinances covering the handling of 

films. 

2. Check all reels to see that they are in proper order before putting them 
into the machine. 

3. The speeding of the film is prohibited at all times. The pictures are cued 
at a speed of ninety feet per minute and this speed must be maintained if the 
music is to be effectively coordinated. 

4. Films should not be rewound during the presentation of musical special' 
ties or quiet parts of the program. 

5. All slides are to be carefully examined in advance of their exhibition to 
insure proper presentation. If necessary, the slides should be cleaned with alcohol 
before exhibition. 

6. Avoid the careless handling of the spotlight. 

7. Spotlight doors should be kept closed when not in use. 

8. The kinobooth and all equipment will be kept in proper order at all times. 

9. Be sure to maintain the proper amount of supplies on hand. Failure to 
do this may seriously interfere with the presentation of the program. 

10. Smoking in the booth will not be tolerated at any time. 

[65] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



11. Loud talking in the booth is forbidden. 

12. Operators will report for duty thirty minutes before the scheduled 
starting time of the program. 

13. The strictest co-operation between the kinobooth operators, the musical 
director, and the stage manager is expected at all times. In no other way can we 
hope to present a smoothly running program. 




[66] 



FOR BALABAN 5? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XVIII 

Instructions and Information Governing the 
Orchestra 

MEMBERS of the orchestra are under the direct supervision of 
the Orchestra Contractor who is held responsible for the 
conduct of the personnel. In most cases the Conductor or Orchestra 
Manager is the Contractor. 

1. All conversation in the orchestra pit is forbidden. 

2. No musician is expected to be looking at the stage or screen at any time 
while the orchestra is playing. 

3. Members of the orchestra are expected to refrain from all noise-making 
during the performance. 

4. The chewing of gum, tobacco, or smoking while in the pit will not be 
tolerated. 

5. No pencil other than a soft black lead pencil will be used for marking 
music. 

6. A prompt response to the bell for rehearsals or performance is expected 
from each member of the orchestra. 

7. When the tuning bell is struck, get the pitch immediately, preluding or 
improvising is absolutely forbidden. 

8. Every member of the orchestra must be ready to play when the perform' 
ance or rehearsal is called. All tuning or fixing of instruments must be done 
before this period. This applies especially to wood wind players, and to string 
players. 

9. No one is to leave the orchestra pit or rehearsal room during a performance 
or rehearsal without obtaining the permission of the Conductor. 

10. In entering and leaving the pit be exceptionally careful to prevent the 
creating of any noise or unnecessary disturbance. 




[67] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



i 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XIX 

Instructions and Information Governing 
All Employees and Artists Bac\ Stage 

THE Stage Manager is a personal representative of the Theatre 
Manager, and is charged with the proper conduct of all em- 
ployees and artists back stage. 

1. Every effort should be made to minimise noises of all kinds. 

2. Artists are not expected to loiter on the stage or in the wings, but should 
remain in the vicinity of their dressing rooms until they receive the signal for 
their appearance. 

3. Artists will be notified fifteen minutes before their scheduled time of 
appearance. 

4. Artists are not expected to leave the theatre in full costume or parts of 
costume. 

5. No person is to be admitted back stage without permission from the 
management or other authorized executive. The stage watchman will turn in a 
weekly list of all persons admitted back stage together with the name of the execu' 
tive who authorized that permission. 

6. Visitors are not permitted to stand on the stage or in the wings during 
any part of a performance. 

7. Intoxicating liquor is not to be used by members of the stage crew or 
artists at any time while on duty. 

8. Fire ordinances prohibit smoking back stage, in dressing rooms, shops or 
storerooms. Smoking may be indulged in only in rooms provided and constructed 
for that purpose. 

•9. The stage vent should be tested and operated once each week by the 
Manager. 

10. Before opening of the house each day, the fire curtain should be raised, 
lowered, and then raised. 

11. At the close of the last performance the steel curtain is lowered, raised, 
then lowered, where it must remain for the balance of the night. 

12. A third test of the fire curtain should be made each day at a time desig' 
nated by the Manager. 

[69] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



13. The stage watchman will be responsible for keys to dressing rooms and 
other private rooms back stage, reporting immediately the loss of any keys, to' 
gether with the name of the person responsible for that loss. 

14. He shall inspect all dressing rooms and other private rooms back stage, 
and report all irregularities. 

15. The stage watchman will be sworn in as a fire guard. 

16. He must know the location of all fire equipment back stage. 

17. He must make a daily inspection of this equipment and render a daily 
written report to the management. 

18. He must know how to operate the fire curtain. 

19. He must know how to operate the stage vent doors over the gridiron. 

20. He must be present at all fire drills, and sign all fire reports. 

21. He must inspect the hydraulic room. 

22. He is responsible for the enforcement of regulations regarding smoking 
back stage. 

23. It is his duty to inspect all passageways and exits, and see that they are 
kept clean and free from all accumulations of any materials which might create a 
fire hazard. 

24. Any irregularities in fire equipment or fire prevention equipment must 
be reported immediately to the management. He should not wait for the rendering 
of the daily report in such cases. 

25. On leaving for the night he must see that all stage doors leading to the 
street are securely locked. 

26. The Stage Manager will be held responsible for the placing of work 
lights on the stage for use of the night cleaning crew. 

27. Section of Ordinance of the Chicago Municiapl Code of 1922 Defining 
the Duties of a Stage Fireman — Section 1323. 

Paragraph A: "It shall be the duty of the special stage fireman to see that all fire 
appliances on the stage, above and below it, in the dressing rooms, 
and throughout the basement of every such building used as a 
theatre, are in their proper places in good wor\ing order; that the 
tan\s supplying the stand pipes and the springer systems are 
full of water, and that the ventilator above the stage is in good 
wording order. 

"As required by Ordinance of the City such special stage fireman 
shall make daily reports in duplicate in such manner and form 

[70] 



FOR BALABAN &? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



as Chief of Fire Prevention and Public Safety shall prescribe, 
which report shall be countersigned by the fire guard. The original 
of the aforesaid report shall be forwarded each day to the Chief 
of Fire Prevention and Public Safety, and a duplicate thereof 
shall be delivered to the owner of the theatre where such special 
stage fireman is employed, or to the person having the manage- 
ment thereof. 

""Such special stage fireman shall be subject to the order of the 
Chief of the Fire Prevention and Public Safety during such time 
as the theatre shall be opened to and occupied by the public." 

Paragraph C: "It shall be the duty of such special stage fireman and fire guard to 
report in person to the Chief of Fire Prevention and Public Safety, 
or his accredited representative, at least once each month, and 
each of them shall be subject to and required to obey such rules and 
regulations as the Chief of Fire Prevention and Public Safety 
shall prescribe governing the duties to be performed by them in 
conformity with this article." 

Paragraph D: "This article shall not be so construed as to prevent the owners 
or managers of theatres employing special stage fireman or fire 
guard, from assigning such persons so employed to duties other 
than those herein enumerated when the theatre is not opened to 
the public." 




[71] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



1. You are responsible for the firemen, oilers, porters and utility janitors. 

2. You are responsible for care and operation of the following equipment 
and the results obtained : 

a. Heating. 

b. Ventilating. 

c. Refrigerating. 

d. Mechanical equipment other than the motors and generators through' 
out the entire building, including orchestra and organ elevators 
mechanism, fire curtain and hydraulic ram for operation of the fire 
curtain. 

e. Fire escapes. 

/. Drinking fountains. 

g. Condition of roof. 

h. Handling of ashes. 

i. Condition of toilets, wash basins, faucets, janitor sinks. 
j. Downspouts and drains. 

\. Sprinkler system. 

/. Maintaining of necessary supplies on hand for your department. 

3. It is your duty to inspect constantly the mechanical equipment of the 
theatre. You shall inspect the latter each day, noting the general condition and 
cleanliness, reporting the result of your inspection to the manager. 

4. The superintendent is responsible to see that at the close of the last per- 
formance each day, all lights are turned off and the doors locked, and kept locked 
until the opening of the house the following day. 

5. You will also carefully check to see that mechanical equipment which is 
not in use during the night is properly closed down, and everything connected with 
your department left in proper order. 



PART III 



Maintenance Department 



SECTION xx 




and Engineers 



[73] 



FOR BALABAN fe? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



6. The superintendent should be conversant with the city ordinances cov' 
ering the operation of ventilating plants for theatres, and should have in his 
possession at all times a copy of these ordinances. 

7. You will carefully record on the form provided, daily temperatures, fan 
speeds and adjustment and all other information called for. 

8. The proper function of all mechanical equipment in the theatre, including 
plumbing fixtures, reflects credit or discredit upon you as superintendent of the 
theatre. 

9. In case of fire in the building, all fans, whether delivery or 
exhaust, should be shut down immediately* In case of fire in the 
neighborhood of the theatre, be on the alert to shut down all delivery 
fans, should smoke blow in the direction of your fresh air intake. 

10. Experience has taught us that the adjustment of temperatures is different 
for the four seasons of the year, and your skill in handling the ventilation of the 
theatre many times is dependent upon the proper adjustment of louvres. 

11. Anticipate through careful supervision and inspection mechanical dc 
fects which might retard the efficient handling of the theatre or cause discomfort 
to our patrons. 




[74] 



FOR BALABAN &? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XXI 

Porters 

Porters are responsible to the superintendent for their conduct 
in the performance of duties assigned to them. 

1. In your various tours about the theatre, be sure to remove gum, matches, 
and other refuse from the drinking fountains. 

2. Keep receptacles for soap, towels, and paper replenished. Report any 
shortage of supplies to the superintendent. 

3. In cleaning toilet floors in the men's rooms, be sure that trash, papers, 
matches, etc., are not washed into the floor drains. 

4. Toilets, wash basins, faucets or drains which are out of order should be 
remedied immediately or reported to the superintendent. 

5. Care should be taken that the strainer provided for all slop sinks is in 
place before attempting to empty any water which would tend to clog the drain. 

6. In emptying buckets of scrub water, be sure to empty them into the slop 
sinks, not the toilet bowls. 

7. Prompt attention must be given to all emergency calls indicating over' 
flowing of toilet fixtures. 

8. Do not in any manner disturb patrons while cleaning, dusting, or arrang' 
ing equipment. Under no circumstances ask a patron to move in order to carry 
out the work assigned to you. 

9. The working schedule of porters shall be arranged by the management. 

10. During inclement weather, porters are responsible that mat runners are 
placed in the lobby from the entrance door to the foyer, and that storm sides of 
the marquee are properly lowered and fastened in place. 

1 1 . Porters are expected to make a trip through the theatre at least once every 
forty'five minutes, collecting trash and refuse from the floors of the foyers, lobbies, 
stairways and from specific points designated by the management. In addition to 
picking up trash throughout the theatre, you are expected to have some time 
during the day for dusting pictures, art objects, and furniture, and the railings of 
stairways, etc. 

12. During visits back stage for the purpose of maintaining toilet rooms, you 
are not to enter any dressing room unless specifically ordered so to do by the man' 
agement. 

13. The condition of the sidewalk in the vicinity of the theatre is part of 
your responsibility. 

[75] 



FOR BALABAN V KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XXII 

Firemen and Oilers 

Firemen and Oilers are under the direct supervision of the 
Chief Engineer. 

i. Specific instructions as to the blowing down of water glasses, oiling, and 
starting motors, emptying of drip pans; regulation of temperature will be given 
to you from time to time by Chief Engineer or the management. 

i. Inspect all bearings immediately upon assuming your duties, and maintain 
a constant vigilance as to their condition. Report immediately any condition 
which is not normal. 

3. Doors between boiler room and fan room must be kept closed at all times. 

4. Maintain the necessary head of steam at all times. 

5. The time and method of shutting down ventilating equipment will be 
outlined by the chief of your department. 

6. Boiler room, fan room and the equipment therein must be kept spotless 
and clean at all times. 

7. Under no condition are ashes to be piled against the rolling doors in the 
boiler room. The iron framework and guides for this door are to be kept free from 
rubbish at all times. 

8. Firemen are responsible for the condition of the boilers; wash out and 
clean same inside, outside and back, when instructed. 

9. Bright metal parts of mechanical equipment must be kept polished and 
free from rust and corrosion. 

10. Fire doors must be left closed when going off duty. 

11. Firemen appearing for early duty have the following immediate responsi' 
bilities : 

a. Blow down water glass to ascertain correct height of water. 

b. Oil and start all motors according to instructions given by Chief 
Engineer, Superintendent, or House Management. 

c. Empty all oil drip pans and return oil to filter. 

d. Regulate temperature as instructed. 

e. Exchange buckets in sump pump daily. 

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FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Firemen on duty at closing of house have the following responsibilities: 

a. Shut down all motors and pumps, with the exception of the steam 
vacuum pump during season when steam is being used. 

b. Maintain sufficient hot water for night cleaning force to get started. 

c. During extremely cold weather, ascertain from Chief Engineer, 
Superintendent or Management, if it is necessary to keep the fans 
running during the night and at what speed. 

d. In extremely cold weather, make certain the valve on the steam line 
to the water tank and downspouts is left open before leaving. 

12. Reading of books, newspapers or periodicals during working hours is 
absolutely forbidden. 

13. Answer all telephone calls promptly in the following manner: "Boiler 
Room; Mr. Jones speaking." 

14. Be continually on the alert for defective conditions which might cause a 
serious breakdown. Report such conditions immediately to the Chief Engineer. 

15. Make it your duty to attend to any conditions that might arise which 
are not covered specifically by instructions. 




[78] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



SECTION XXIII 

Cleaning Department 

THE personnel of the Cleaning Department shall be composed of 
all janitors and janitresses. At the head of this department is the 
Chief Janitor who, in turn, is responsible to the Manager. The 
Chief Janitor will prepare working schedules for all work to be 
done, and assure himself that all work is done in accordance with 
the prescribed schedule. 

" Work schedules shall include : 

The care, cleaning, and treatment of the following : 



I. 


All brasses. 


2. 


All glass. 


3- 


Seats (oiling and fastening of same to the floor). 


4- 


Furniture. 


5- 


Mirrors and walls. 


6. 


Draperies. 


7- 


Carpets. 


8. 


Woodwork. 


9- 


Floors. 


10. 


Sidewalks. 


ii. 


All art objects. 


12. 


Stairways. 


13- 


Toilets. 



The care of : 
Plants. 
Birds. 

Aquariums. 

1. All members of the cleaning force will report to the Chief Janitor before 
starting work and upon the completion of their work. Members of the force will 
not stop for lunch until they receive the proper signal from the Chief Janitor. 

.2. Members of the cleaning force must enter and leave the theatre by the 
prescribed entrance. 

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3. Any packages taken out of the building by the cleaning force must be 
inspected by the Chief Janitor. Any unauthorized removal from the building of 
cleaning materials or supplies will be sufficient cause for immediate dismissal. 

4. Schedules of work should be so arranged that the cleaning force will have 
the advantage of as many daylight hours as possible. This will not only effect an 
economy in the use of lights, but also enables the crew to work with greater 
efficiency. 

5. The night force should be divided into crews, and each crew held respon' 
sible for the thorough and complete cleaning of a particular territory. One extra 
man is maintained for extra work, and where the force is large enough, one man 
is maintained to fill in the places of those absent from work or away due to "time 
off." It is a good practice to allow members of the cleaning force one day off, after 
every fourteen days of work. Members of the cleaning crews are rotated from time 
to time so that each cleaner has the opportunity to know the work of each mem' 
ber of the janitor force, so that they will be able to fill in other positions should 
occasions arise. Each crew is provided with a box for their cleaning materials, each 
box being fully equipped at the start of the night's cleaning. 

6. A detailed schedule of work for each crew should be made, typewritten 
and posted on Bulletin Board for the information of the entire cleaning force. 
The manager will make it his duty to carefully check and see that these schedules 
are lived up to. 

7. All light work which does not necessitate the use of a step ladder should 
be assigned to women cleaners. 

8. Members of the cleaning force will be held responsible for the careful 
handling of all theatre property, such as fixtures, art objects, and furniture. 

9. Any members of the cleaning force who are found cutting towels from the 
racks for use as cleaning rags are subject to dismissal from service. 

10. All janitors are expected to be economical and saving in the use of 
cleaning materials. 

11. All scrub water is to be emptied into sinks provided at various parts of 
the theatre, and shall not in any circumstances be emptied into toilet bowls or 
wash basins. All sinks must be left in a clean and sanitary condition, and strainers 
cleaned each day. 

12. Ladders must never rest against walls or molding where they are likely 
to cause damage. All ladders must be equipped with end pads. 

13. Janitors using the vacuum cleaner are especially cautioned not to cause 
damage to walls or furniture by rough or careless handling of their equipment. 

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14. Cleaning lamps must be handled carefully so as not to cause damage to 
walls, drapes, or furniture. As these lights are usually of high wattage they should 
never be placed in contact with draperies or other combustible materials. 

15. Upon the completion of the work all mops and cleaning rags must be 
thoroughly cleaned and hung in places provided for them. Rags must be hung so 
that they will dry sufficiently. 

16. Buckets and sinks must be left in a clean and sanitary condition. 

17. Working cloths must be neatly hung in lockers or in janitors' closets 
upon hooks provided. 

18. Articles found by the cleaning force must be turned over to the Chief 
Janitor who, in turn, will deliver them to the Lost and Found Department. 

19. Members of the cleaning force should take a personal pride in the con' 
dition of the theatre, and should be careful at all times in the handling or cleaning 
of it. 

20. Each member of the Cleaning Department is charged with the response 
bility of reporting to the Chief Janitor any defective conditions which are not in 
his power to remedy. The Chief Janitor, in turn, will notify the Manager. This 
notification will be in the form of an entry in a daily log book. 

21. The Chief Janitor will make a personal inspection of the entire theatre 
upon the completion of work done by his department each day. He is held respon' 
sible to see that sufficient supplies are on hand for the use of his cleaning force. 

22. Members of the cleaning force are expected to maintain a reasonable 
attendance. Excessive absenteeism will detract from the effectiveness of the force, 
and may become the cause of dismissal. When absences are necessary, employees 
will be expected to notify the Chief Janitor in sufficient time for him to provide 
substitutes. Since the cleaning force is divided into crews, having charge of 
specific portions of the house, it is essential that all members of the cleaning 
force report promptly to begin work at the prescribed hour. 

23. In case of an accident or injury to any member of the cleaning force, an 
Accident Report will be filled out by the Chief Janitor and delivered to the 
management. If the accident is serious a physician should be called at 
once. If any damage is done by accident, or otherwise, to furniture, walls, or any 
other equipment the damage should be reported immediately to the Chief Janitor 
who will report to the management so that the damage may be repaired. 

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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



The following is to be used as a guide for all those who are in 
any way responsible for the cleaning and maintenance of the theatre : 

Wills 

1. Tinted walls. 

2. Painted walls. 

a. Oil. 

b. Flat. 

c. Glazed and starched. 

d. Stippled or smooth. 

Tinted Walls — Tinted walls are commonly known as calcimined. A calci' 
mined wall cannot be cleaned. When it becomes soiled or marked it is an inex' 
pensive process to remove the old calcimine with clear water, and replace it with a 
fresh tint. 

Painted Walls — Paint is composed of lead, zinc, lithopone oxides or pig' 
ments, linseed oil, china wood oil, varnish, etc. Alkali is a solvent of many of 
these materials; therefore, if a chemical cleaner only is used, the paint is soft' 
ened and easily removed. A mechanical cleaner should be used. 

Cleaners may be classified into two groups: 

1. All the cleaners which depend upon chemical action. 

2. All cleaners which depend upon physical and mechanical action. 

To Group i belong all soaps, soap powders, oil soaps, soft soaps, acids, and 
alkalis. To Group 2 belong abrasive powders, such as pumice'Stone, tripoli pow' 
der, rottenstone, sand soap, air slack lime, steel wool, sand, emery paper, and cold 
water. 

Owing to the different surfaces to be cleaned both groups of cleaning agents 
are necessary. All soaps regardless of their form are made by boiling grease with 
caustic, which is some form of ordinary lye. Strong soaps, due to their chemical 
action, will loosen the dirt more quickly than abrasive powders. In removing the 
dirt the surface coat of the paint is also removed, and a film of caustic bound to the 
paint by the grease contained in the soap remains upon the wall which becomes 
active whenever any moisture is applied to the wall. In damp weather there is 
sufficient moisture in the atmosphere to start this action, thus resulting in constant 
deterioration of the painted surface. It is practically impossible to rinse this film 
of caustic from the walls. 

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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Flat Painted Walls — Flat painted walls around toilet fixtures which you are 
required to clean daily, should be treated with no other agent than cold water 
applied by means of a clean rag or sponge. All other flat painted walls which 
do not require daily cleaning may be cleaned two or three times yearly by using 
a very fine abrasive powder, such as powdered Bon Ami with a very weak soap 
solution, generally soft or green soap — a neutral soap, one which contains only 
vegetable oils. This removes the dirt which has been ground into the painted sur' 
face. After the dirt has been loosened the walls should be rinsed several times 
with clean water. This is best accomplished by using a large size sponge. We 
have learned through experience that sponges known as Rock Island sponges are 
most durable and satisfactory. 

Painted walls in glossy, stippled finish — Such walls may be washed two or 
three times yearly in the same manner as that prescribed for flat painted walls. 
This process will remove some of the gloss. After the wall is thoroughly dry it 
should be wiped down with a clean cloth dampened with boiled linseed oil. This 
will restore some of the gloss and add to the life of the surface. 

Walls — stenciled and glazed — Stenciled and glazed walls should always be 
protected with a coat of starched water. An ordinary domestic form of laundry 
starch is used. In cleaning this kind of wall surface apply tepid water by use of a 
sponge which loosens and removes the starch and consequently the dirt. Care 
should be taken when the wall is thoroughly dry to restarch it. A starched wall, 
once washed and not re'Starched, is in danger of having the stenciled or stippled 
effect removed the next time the wall is washed. 

Woodwor\ 

a. Wax finish. 

b. Varnish finish. 

1. Gloss. 

2. Rubbed and polished. 

c. Shellac finish. 

d. Oil finish. 

Wax finish— Dust off with a damp cloth (just sufficiently damp to pick up 
loose dust), or a good duster, and polish with a soft dry cloth. (The waxing 
process is explained under the subject of Linoleum.) 

Varnish finish — Gloss varnish is obtained by applying either one or more 
coats of varnish to a prepared surface. In cleaning, use a very mild solution of soap, 
preferably a neutral soap, rinse with tepid water, wipe dry, and polish with a 
clean soft dry cloth. 

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FOR BALABAN V KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Wherever a soft dry cloth is prescribed for polishing, better results will be 
obtained if this cloth is of woolen material. We have found that woolen uniforms 
which have become unfit for use can be cut into cloths, laundered and be very 
effective for this purpose. 

Rubhed finish, sometimes called a satin finish — Clean in the same manner as 
the gloss finish. After this method of cleaning, life may be brought back to the 
surface by rubbing over it a rag slightly dampened with plain boiled linseed oil. 
J^ever use furniture polish on satin finish varnish. 

Rubbed and polished finish — If very dirty, wash with very mild soap water 
and rinse well. Apply a few drops of good furniture polish to a dampened piece of 
cheese cloth, and polish briskly until the high gloss is restored, then dry with a 
cheese cloth. On a very expensive piece of furniture or wall panel, sprinkle corn' 
starch over the surface to absorb any grease that may have been left, and wipe 
clean with a cheese cloth. 

Shellac finish — Shellac is a very inexpensive means of finishing woodwork, 
and lacks the permanency of the better classes of varnish finished woodwork. 
Therefore, it requires great care in cleaning. A shellac finish is porous, clean it 
with just as little water as possible. Too much moisture will cause it to turn a 
grayish white. 

Oil finish — Woodwork properly finished in oil can be readily washed in a 
mild solution of soap and water. Care should be taken to rinse it thoroughly. 

Floors 

a. Marble and terra^o. 

b. Composition tile, ceramic tile. 

c. Rubber and cork tile floors. 

d. Linoleum. 

Marble and terrazzo — For the marble and terrazso floors proper cleaners belong 
to Group 2, and are the only ones that should be used. Experience has taught us 
that chemcically active cleaners are harmful and destructive on all surfaces of 
this kind. The action of abrasive powders is not as quick as a strong soap in loosen- 
ing dirt and dust films. They require more effort to scrub the dirt out of the pores. 
When the dirt is loosened, it must be picked up with a damp rag or mop. After 
several careful rinsings, the floor will be of a natural color free from grease. When 
soap is used on marble or terra^o, even after the most careful rinsing, the floor 
generally will be slippery, and of a yellowish or discolored appearance. 

Most marbles, terraszo, and composition stone tile have varying degrees 
of lime in the agent which is used as a binder. Most of the commercial acids act 

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readily on a composition of lime, therefore, be extremely careful before prescribing 
the use of acid of any nature in the process of cleaning floors of this kind. 

Tile floors — Ceramic tiles are small blocks of baked clay generally arranged in 
decorative design, held together by being glued to a heavy sheet of paper. This 
tile is laid upon a cement floor before the cement has set, and then the paper is 
washed off, and the tile grouted with a thin cement solution, it is necessary to 
use muriatic acid in order to remove the excess cement. Excessive use of muriatic 
acid, even in a diluted form, will quickly cause this type of floor to deteriorate, and 
will ultimately destroy it. 

The same method prescribed for marble and terra^o floors should be used 
in cleaning ceramic tile floors. 

Rubber and cor\ tile floors — These should be scoured carefully with an 
abrasive powder only. Soap solutions should never be used. Grease destroys 
rubber; turpentine, benzine, and ether dissolve rubber; therefore, none of these 
agents should be used in the treatment of such floors. 

Linoleum — Linoleum is made of linseed oil and gum intimately mixed with 
ground cork, or ground wood, applied with pressure to burlap or canvas. Linoleum 
is a very durable floor covering, and when properly taken care of will last a very 
long time. Alkali and caustic will absorb the oil from linoleum and thereby cause 
rapid deterioration. Heavy furniture, such as desks and filing cabinets, should rest 
on special shoes to prevent indentures in the linoleum. As soon as linoleum is 
laid it should be waxed, and this waxing repeated thereafter as required. 

Dirt does not readily adhere to waxed linoleum, and can be removed with a 
floor brush, mop or polisher. If swept clean every day and wiped with a damp 
mop it will not be necessary to scrub the floor except at lengthy intervals, and 
then only with a very mild solution of soap and water. Before rcwaxing a lino' 
leum floor, it should be thoroughly cleaned and dry. 

Waxing Process 

Apply wax with a soft clean rag, or, on large areas, with a dry clean twelve 
ounce mop. Work wax into the linoleum in straight strokes all in the same direc- 
tion. Repeat the process of waxing with strokes at right angles. In this way no 
spot will be left without a coating of wax. About thirty minutes after wax has 
been applied to the linoleum polish the floor in the usual manner, either by hand 
with a woolen rag, or, on large areas, with a weighted brush manufactured for 
that purpose. It is only necessary to re wax the linoleum when the condition of 
the floor indicates it. 

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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Marble Walls, Partitions 
and Columns 

Wash down with soft water. Any commercial water softening compound 
may be used. Discoloration of marble, or grease spots can be removed by applying 
a coat of bicarbonate of soda mixed with whiting to a consistency of cream. Let 
application stand twenty 'four hours, then wash off with tepid water. If the marble 
is still yellow or greasy, repeat the process. 

A second process that may be used is to dissolve one pound of bicarbonate of 
soda in two gallons of water, dissolve one pound of tartaric acid in two gallons of 
water, apply first solution, let stand a few minutes, then apply the other solution 
over the first. The reaction will be an effervescence causing the dirt to be forced 
out of the pores of the marble. This will cause the marble to regain its former 
luster and beauty after a careful rinsing with clear water. These two processes 
will in no way affect the marble. 

In the second process of cleaning discolored marble, the effervescence is 
caused by the chemical reaction between the two applied solutions. The chemical 
components of the marble take no part in this chemical activity. Therefore, the 
surface of the marble is in no way destroyed or damaged. 

To restore the lost luster or to polish marble, very finely powdered oxalic 
acid may be used. Fold a piece of cheese cloth into a pad, and dampen with water. 
Dip it into the finely powdered acid, and polish the marble by rubbing briskly. 

Oxalic acid is a vegetable acid, and should not be confused with muriatic or 
other mineral acids, previously referred to. 

Art Marbles, Pedestals 
and Statues 

Art marbles and pedestals are made of a variety of marble, generally termed 
"hard marble," a variety composed of calcium carbonate with a very small per' 
centage of lime, and generally of very beautiful coloring, such as Italian marbles 
and the various groups of onyx. 

This variety of marble should be cleaned very carefully by washing with a 
soft cloth or sponge with soft water. Due to the very small percentage of lime in 
them they are of a more durable nature than the variety of marble used for floors 
or statuary. 

Marble statuary should never be dusted with the usual type of feather or 
woolen duster. A very high grade camel's hair painter's duster should be used, or 

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a small hand bellows is recommended. Never, under any circumstances, wipe a 
marble statue with a soiled, damp, or oily cloth. The variety of marble used for 
statuary is very soft and easily broken. If proper care is exercised in the daily 
dusting of marble statuary, it will only be necessary to clean statuary once, or, 
at the most, twice a year. To clean statuary use a solution of oxalic acid applied 
with a soft camel's hair brush, and blotting with a soft clean cloth. 

Upholstered Furniture 

a. Tapestry. 

b. Plush. 

c. Velour. 

d. Leather. 

Tapestry, though very beautiful as upholstering material, is very difficult to 
properly care for. Due to the fact of its loosely woven nature it holds and accumu' 
lates dirt and dust. 

To clean, it should be brushed daily with a soft, long bristle brush. Vacuum 
cleaning should be carefully done about once each month. Never attempt to dust 
tapestry with a cloth. It has a very destructive effect upon the tapestry and tends 
to rub the dust in. Spots may be removed by the careful application of naphtha or 
gasoline, or any other good commercial cleaner. 

Mohairs, plushes, and velours may be cleaned and cared for in exactly the 
same method as prescribed for tapestries. Mohairs are very durable and substantial 
and may be brushed with a brush as harsh as a whisk broom without doing any 
material damage. 

Leather furniture may be dusted with a dry cloth or one slightly dampened. 
About once a year leather furniture should be treated with an application of 
Neatsfoot oil, applied with a rag only slightly dampened with the oil. After this 
application, the furniture should be thoroughly wiped with a clean dry cloth. This 
treatment with oil will prevent the cracking of the leather, but no oil other than 
Neatsfoot oil should be applied to leather furniture. 

Treatment of Brass 

Polished brass surfaces should be cleaned daily with any good commercial 
brass polish. Effort should be made to select a brass polish which is not inflammable. 

Lacquered brass should only be cleaned periodically. The application of 
brass polish removes the lacquer. Oxidised brass does not require any special 
treatment. All it needs is dusting. Lacquer should not be applied in damp weather 
or extremely cold weather. 

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Brass which is imbedded in, or in close proximity to, wooden surfaces must 
be cleaned with great care, since the polish used on the brass may get on to the 
nearby wood surfaces and cause deterioration of the finish. 

Carpets 

a. Vacuum cleaning. 

b. Gum removing. 

c. Washing. 

Carpets in our theatres are laid on a very heavy padding, and the only method 
of cleaning is by use of the vacuum process. During dry seasons of the year, the 
cleaning of carpets does not represent a very serious problem. During damp seasons 
of the year, there are times when you will find it necessary to use electric dryers in 
various spots in your theatre which have become very soiled or wet. After these 
spots have been dried by the use of electric heaters, carpet beaters may be used to 
loosen and bring the dirt to the surface of the carpet where it is easily removed by 
the vacuum cleaner. It may be necessary to repeat these processes several times. 
Never, under any circumstances, attempt to wash any portion of the carpet 
without first removing it from the floor. 

Candy which has been tracked into the carpet is best removed by application 
of hot water with a sponge. This dissolves and loosens the candy from the nap of 
the carpet. 

Gum which has been tracked into the carpet may be removed by the applica' 
tion of naphtha, ether, chloroform, benzole, or some commercial cleaner. The 
method of removing gum is to saturate a spot around the gum with enough of 
the chemical to dissolve the gum from the nap of the carpet, using a semi'sharp in' 
strument to pick up the gum from the carpet. 

Draperies and Curtains 

The most effective way of removing dust from draperies is by use of the 
vacuum brush. Beating with carpet beaters or brushing, will remove the dust, 
releasing it into the air and all of it will again settle on the draperies, curtains, and 
floor. Any method of cleaning other than the use of the vacuum brush tends to 
loosen the drapes from their hangings, causing additional time to be spent in re 
tacking them. After drapes have been properly cleaned, care should be taken to see 
that proper folds have been restored. 

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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



The above method of cleaning draperies may be applied to plush and velour, 
and silk brocades. Curtains and draperies made of silk pongee or casement cloth 
may periodically be hand laundered. 

Window Glass and Mirrors 

In cleaning window glass and mirrors practically any commercial glass cleaner 
will be found satisfactory by following instructions accompanying it. For cleaning 
large areas liquid cleaner is to be preferred. For smaller areas powdered or caked 
cleaner, such as Bon Ami, will be found satisfactory. When windows are very 
greasy it is advisable to add ammonia to the solution. In very cold weather, better 
results will be obtained if alcohol is added to the solution. In all cases, successful 
results in window cleaning depend largely on the final polishing which should be 
done with a soft chamois. 

Chandeliers 

All chandeliers should be cleaned with alcohol. Soap and water should never 
be used since a film of soap will invariably be left which will collect dust more 
readily than before. 

Crystal chandeliers are composed of crystals held together by means of small 
wires. These wires are sometimes made of metal which will corrode or rust, 
and, therefore, the use of any water tends to set up corrosion, which in a compara* 
tively short period of time will cause the wire to break. Crystal chandeliers may 
be cleaned, after careful dusting with an air hose or soft painter's duster, by apply 
ing alcohol with a soft camel's hair brush, and finally polishing with a soft rag or 
dry camel's hair brush. 

Paintings 

Art paintings of any kind not covered by glass will become soiled, but under 
no conditions should they be cleaned by any one except one who is especially 
authorised by the manager. Chief Janitors who notice paintings in a dirty condi' 
tion should report the fact to the management who will take the necessary steps 
to have them cleaned. Mural paintings should never be cleaned by the janitor's 
force. When it becomes necessary to clean them the manager will make special 
arrangements. 

Picture Frames and Gold4eaf Furniture 

Gold'leaf furniture whether dull finish or burnished should never be touched 
with soap and water, or even a dampened cloth. Dry dusting with a painter's 

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duster, or a new clean piece of cheese cloth is the only correct way. If the gold-leaf 
becomes dirty or tarnished an expert should be called in who will properly conduct 
the cleaning. All cloths used on gold'leaf furniture or picture frames must be new 
cheese cloth, not chemically reclaimed cheese cloth rags. 

Cleaning of Lavatories, Toilets 
and Sin\ Rooms 

Special attention must be paid to lavatories, toilet rooms, and the sink 
rooms for the purpose of eliminating all disagreeable odors. All water used for 
the purpose of cleaning any of these rooms should be treated with a disinfectant. 
A daily use of one teacupful of "Urina Kleen" in each toilet fixture, or other similar 
commercial chemical will prevent any collection of foreign matter which tends to 
destroy the fixture, and in turn give off disagreeable odors. 

A semi'monthly treatment of all toilet fixtures with "Plumbers Ideal 1 ' or any 
other similar commercial chemical, will prevent the lodging in such fixtures of any 
foreign substance which tends to clog or block it. 

All toilet seats should be washed on both sides each day. Celluloid white 
seats have a tendency to turn yellow upon repeated cleaning with soap and 
water. To remove the yellow stain, it is necessary at intervals to clean them with 
a very fine abrasive powder. 

Flush valves and all nickel plate or trim must be polished at least twice a 
week with metal polish. All urinals must be provided with perforated baskets 
fitting the drainage pipe for the purpose of catching gum, matches, and cigarettes, 
or other foreign substances. Baskets must be cleaned out at least twice daily. All 
sink rooms should be treated in the same manner as toilet rooms. 

During the fly season it is necessary to spray all toilet rooms at least twice 
daily with some insect spray, such as "FlyOSan." 

Soap is food for vermin. Do not leave it in sink rooms or toilet rooms. Be on 
the alert to note the existence of vermin in any portion of the theatre, and use the 
necessary powders or liquids in order to exterminate them. 

To overcome the damp and musty odor in basements or cellars, use as spray 
one pound of permanganate of potassium to five gallons of water. This solution 
will leave a light brown discoloration. As a substitute for it, use a saturated sohi' 
tion of common salt and water. A third method which is also effective is to use 
chloride of lime, either dry or in solution with water. 

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Care of Vacuum Cleaning 
Equipment 

All vacuum hose must be left coiled on drums after use. To insure hose from 
breaking at the point of connection with the floor valves, a special ninety degree 
elbow should be used. All joints on the sweeping apparatus should be kept oiled, 
and surplus oil wiped off to prevent dripping on carpet. All brushes used should 
be carefully cleaned before putting away. The rubber washer on floor valves 
should be renewed when necessary, as failure to do so will cause enormous loss 
of efficiency in your equipment. 




[91] 

FOR BALABAN 6? KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



PART IV 

SECTION XXIV 

Miscellaneous Information for 
All Employees 

Pay Day 

All employees not members of labor organisations are paid up 
to and including Thursday of each week. All other employees are 
paid up to and including Sunday of each week. Checks are delivered 
to General Maintenance help, office help, and managers, on Satur- 
day of each week; to all other employees on Sunday. 

Jury Service 

When a jury summons is received the management must be 
notified immediately. Arrangements will be made so that your work 
will be taken care of while you are away. Inasmuch as jury service 
seldom requires full time, you will be expected to spend as much 
time as possible on duty. 

Voting 

On regular election days you will be allowed whatever time is 
necessary to cast your vote. Such time is not to exceed two hours. 

Vacations 

Vacation lists are presented by the management to the execu- 
tive officers for approval each year on or about May ist. You will 
be allowed the time as finally approved. 

Change of Address 

All changes of address or telephone numbers will be reported 
immediately to the office of the manager. The theatre is never to be 
used as a private mailing address. 

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Bulletin Boards 

All bulletin boards contain current information and announce- 
ments concerning employees, changes in programs, etc. Hence, it is 
very important that you read all notices posted each day. 

Borrowing of Money 

Borrowing or loaning of money among employees is not encour- 
aged. Never borrow from questionable sources or lend to question- 
able persons. If you need assistance consult the manager. 

Investments 

Before investing your money in stocks, bonds, or any question- 
able venture, it is the desire of Balaban & Katz. that you consult the 
manager. We have in our organisation men who are thoroughly 
competent to advise you in making your investments. They are 
ready and glad to render this service to you. 

Gambling 

Gambling in any form is prohibited in all parts of the theatre. 
The visiting of gambling houses, whether through curiosity or 
with the intention of playing, should be avoided. 

Telephoning and Telephones 

Our switchboard is generally very busy. There are, however, 
certain hours of the day when the "load" is lighter. Utilise these 
periods of "light load" to the fullest extent. 

When answering calls on an outside phone, when the call is for 
a particular person, do not ask, "who is speaking, please?" but 
"Just a moment, please, Fll call him if he can be reached. Who shall 
I tell him is calling?" If the official cannot be located, then say, "Mr. 
. . . .cannot be located at present. Whom shall I ask him to call?" 



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MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



Suggestions and Constructive Criticism 

Balaban & Katz. want every employee to feel that they welcome 
every suggestion, and that each one will receive very careful con- 
sideration. 

Recreation 

Because of the nature of your duties and your working sched- 
ules, you may at times find it difficult to get the recreation nec- 
essary for your health. Balaban & Katz; are anxious to assist you in 
arranging necessary types of recreation consistent with our busi- 
ness. 

Passes 

Passes are privileges which are granted to you and not an in- 
herent right resulting from your connection with our organisation. 

Fire Protection 

Each employee should feel deeply the very great responsi- 
bility that is ours in protecting the lives of our patrons. Rules 
and regulations are prescribed by law, and various supplementary 
preventive measures will be outlined from time to time by the 
management. It is the duty of every employee to see that every 
preventive measure is fully enforced at all times. 




[95] 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



IN 

A 



Accidents — Patrons 30 

Employees 81 

Addressing Patrons: 

Ushers 25 

Service Boys 33 

Doormen 39 

Cashiers 48 

Addressing Fellow Employees — Ushers. . . 26 

Admission 42, 43, 48, 49 

Age Requirements 42, 48 

Annoyances 28, 29 

Approach to Patrons 33 

Articles not Checked 33 

Artists 69 

Assistance to Patrons — Lost Articles 35 

Attendance — Cleaning Department 81 

Attending — Performances 61 

Ushers 30 

Attitude and Bearing 60 

B 

Babies — Crying 28 

Back Stage — Ushers 31 

Balaban 6? Katz Organization 1 

Balaban & Katz Spirit 3 

Borrowing Money 94 

Box Office, Care of 51, 52 

Brass, Cleaning of 87, 88 

Bulletin Boards 94 

C 

Carpets, Cleaning of 88 

Repairing 30 

Cashiers — Personal Conduct and Duties: 

1. Appearance 51 

2. Box Office, Care of 51, 52 

3. Change Makers Irregularities 51 

4. Checking of Bank 51 

5. Chewing Gum, Eating Candy, 

or Food 51 

6. Closing Box Office for the Day 51 

7. Closing Box Office Temporarily 51 

8. Conduct toward Patrons 50 

9. Daily Reports 51 

10. Day's Receipts 52 

11. Hold-up of Box Office 51 

12. Working Schedule 50 

Ceramic Tile 84, 85 

Chandelier Cleaning 89 

Change in Address 93 

Change Makers 51 

Change in Prices 41, 42 

Checks, Bank 49 



EX 

C 



Checking Room 33 

Checks, Checking Room Care of 37 

Checking Service 33 

Automobile Drivers 46 

Chewing Gum, Candy, or Food: 

Footmen 47 

Cashiers 51 

Children 48 

Claim Cards 35 

Cleaning of: 

Brass 87 

Carpets 88 

Chandeliers 89 

Drapes and Curtains 88 

Floors 84 

Furniture — Gold Leaf 89 

Marble 86 

Mirrors 89 

Picture Frames 89 

Upholstered Furniture 87 

Walls 82 

Waxing Process 85 

Window Glass 89 

Cleaning Fan 79, 80 

Congregating of Employees — Footmen 44 

Doormen 48 

Contact with Patrons : 

Doormen 40 

Footmen 46 

Cashiers 50 

Maids 55 

Policemen 57 

Firemen 57 

Porters 77 

Control of Doors 44 

Conversation with Friends: 

Ushers 26 

Doormen 44 

Footmen 47 

Conversation with Patrons : 

Ushers 26 

Doormen 44 

Footmen 47 

Conversation with Fellow Employees.... 32 

Cork Flooring 85 

Corrections 63 

Coupons 59 

Courtesy 21 

Ushers 25 

Manager and Service Boys 33 

Doormen 39, 40 

Cashiers 48 

Policemen 57 

Firemen 57 

Crippled Patrons 39 



FOR BALABAN 6? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



INDEX 



D 



Degenerators — How handled 29 

Department of Service 25 

Dignity — Doormen 39 

Directing of Patrons 10 

Disagreements with Patrons: 

Doormen 47 

Dishonesty 37 

Disturbances 28, 29 

Doors Opening and Closing : 

Ushers 10, 31 

Drapes, Curtains: 

Cleaning of 88 



E 

Efficiency 23 

Elderly Patrons 40 

Elevator Operators 32 

Emergency Calls: 

Nurses 53 

Firemen 57 

Emergency Training: 

Ushers 7 

Employees and Artists: 

Back Stage 69 

Employees Manual 15 

Engineers 73, 74 

Engine Room Firemen 75 

Enthusiasm 22 

Equipment for Cleaning 55 

Errands 31, 46 



F 

Film Speed 65 

Fire Curtain 70 

Firemen 57 

Duties 57 

Fire Protection 95 

First Aid and Supplies: 

Nurses 53 

Policemen and Firemen 57 

Flashlights, Use of 10, 30 



G 

General Instructions and Information for all 



Employees: 

Lockers and Locker Room 62 

Personal Cleanliness 60 

Signaling 63 

Standing Position 60 

Suggestion Cards 60 

Telephones 60 

Uniforms 60 

Use of Lobby Chairs 60 

Gloves 47 

Gold Leaf Furniture, Cleaning of 89 

Gossip 63 

Grievances 63 

H 

Holiday Work 9, 50 

How to Address Patrons 25 

How to Summon Patrons 25 

I 

Inclement Weather: 

Doormen 40 

Footmen 47 

Intoxicated Persons: 

Ushers 29 

Doormen 40 

Irregularities in Operation 30 

Instruction Period 9 

Investments 94 

J 

Jury Service 93 

K 

Keys — Dressing Rooms 69 

Keys — Stage 69 

Knowledge of House n 



L 

... 80 

.... 53 
. . 40 

55, 90 

• • 9 
35, 47 
.. .58 

• • 37 

. . 60 



flirtatious conduct 13 

Doormen 44 

Footmen 47 

General Instructions 60 



Footmen 



39 



Gambling 62 



Ladders, Use of 

Ladies' Parlors, Care of . . . 
Late Arrival of Patrons . . . 
Lavatory, Cleaning of ... . 

Leaving Employ 

Leaving Post 

Linoleum 

Loaning of Found Articles . 
Lobby Chairs: 

Employees Use thereof . 



FOR BALABAN 6? KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



INDEX 



L 



Lockers and Locker Rooms 62 

Loitering 35 

Lost and Found Department 35, 36, 37 

Duties of Department 35> 3<5, 37 

M 

Maids 53 

Duties 53 

Maintenance Department 73 

Cleaning Department 73 

Engine Room Firemen 75 

Oilers 75 

Porters 77 

Superintendents and Engineers 73 

Manual, Employees 15 

Marble Cleaning 86 

Matrons 53 

Messenger Boys 33 

Miscellaneous Information of Employees. 93, 94 

Misunderstandings Settled by Management 33 

Money Changers 50 

Moneys Left at Box Office: 

Cashiers 49 

Footmen 41 

Moneys Received at Box Office 52 

N 

Notice — Leaving Employ 9 

Nurses 53 

O 

Odors 31 

Oilers 75 

Optimism 18 

Orchestra 67 

Orchestra Pit 31 

Organization 13 

Organization Qualifications 19 

Overages 52 

P 

Paintings, Cleaning of 89 



Pay 
Pay 



P 



Personal Conduct and Duties: 

Police 57 

Maids 53 

Nurses and Matrons 55 

Superintendents and Engineers 73 

Porters 77 

Personal Qualifications 17 

Personality 17 

Personal Cleanliness 60 

Pets 40 

Petting Couples 28 

Petty Cash Vouchers 49 

Physical Contact with Patrons: 

Doormen 40 

Footmen 45 

Phrases to be Used 10 

Picture Frames, Cleaning of 89 

Playroom 53 

Plush, Cleaning of 87 

Policemen 57 

Porters 77 

Price Changes 41, 42 

Projection Machine Operators 65 

Punctuality 20 

R 

Receipts for Day 52 

Recreation 95 

Refinement 17 

Relationship with Fellow Employees 48 

Reliability 19 

Relief from Duty 35 

Reporting Irregularities 30 

Responses to Questions : 

Ushers 26 

Doormen 40 

Footmen 46 

Responsibility for Equipment 44 

Return Checks 43 

Rubber Flooring 85 

Rules, Violation thereof 13 

Running in Aisles 31 



S 



ses 42, 43, 95 

Day 93 

for Training Period 9 

sonal Conduct and Duties 59 

Ushers 30 

Doormen 43 

Footmen 47 

Cashiers 51 

Firemen 57 



Salary 9 

Scheduling of Acts: 

Doormen 40 

Schedule of Working Hours 9 

Service Boys 33 

Service Qualifications 21 

Signaling: 

Patrons 10 

Fellow Employees 32, 63 



FOR BALABAN fe? KATZ THEATRE EMPLOYEES 



MANUAL OF INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION 



IN 

S 



Smoking: 

by Patrons 42, 53 

by Employees 61 

Stage Employees 69, 70 

Stage Firemen 70 

Stage Watchman 70 

Standing Position 60 

Steel Curtain 69 

Suggestion Cards 60 

Suggestions, Criticism 95 

Summoning Patrons 25 

Sunday Work 9, 50 

Suspicious Characters 44 

Superintendents 73, 74 

Swagger Sticks 10 

T 

Tapestry Cleaning 87 

Telephoning and Telephones 61 

Lost and Found 35 

Tickets: 

Cashier 48, 49 

Doormen 42, 43 

Ticket Takers 39 

Tipping 59 

Footmen 45 

Ushers 13 

Toilets, Cleaning _ 90 

Tolerance 22 

Training of Ushers 7 

Transference of Box Office Receipts to Safe . 57 
Treatment of Fellow Employees 32 



EX 

U 



Uniforms 60 

Ushers 15 

Footmen 47 

Cashiers 51 

Policemen 57 

Ushers 25 

Contact with Patrons 25 

Personal Conduct and Duties 30 

Training of: 

Emergency 7 

Regular 9 

Working Conditions 9 

V 

Vacations 93 

Vacuum Cleaning 87, 88 

Vacuum Cleaning Equipment 91 

Violation of Rules 13 

Violations of Positions of Trust 14 

Voting 93 

W 

Walls, Cleaning of 82 

Watching Performance While on Duty .... 61 

Ushers 30 

Waxing Process 85 

When to See Performance 61 

Window Glass 89 

Woodwork 83 




FOR BALABAN 6s? KAT2 THEATRE EMPLOYEE 



8&&6 200 



Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process. 
Neutralizing agent: Magnesium Oxide 
Treatment Date: Oct. 2007 

PreservationTechnologies 

A WORLD LEADER IN COLLECTIONS PRESERVATION 

111 Thomson Park Drive 
Cranberry Township, PA 16066 
(724) 779-2111 




$8 




